i want to make a synthetic produced water from oilfield which consists of saltwater and crude oil
I am not sure if I got your question right.
Are you looking for a chemicals used in oil recovery?
If so, you might have a look at the reviews and presentations below, which deal with chemical enhanced oil recovery (chemical EOR). Actually there is a broad spectrum of methods and chemicals used in different parts of the world and a lot of research on emulsion- and microemulsion formation is still going on:
http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/115386-PA
http://www.uwyo.edu/eori/_files/misc_download/overview%20of%20chemical%20eor.pdf
http://www.slb.com/~/media/Files/resources/oilfield_review/ors10/win10/eor.ashx
http://www.firp.ula.ve/archivos/historicos/77_Chap_Healy_Reed.pdf
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10916466.2011.586968#.VP6FkOG6mnw
Hope I could help you.
Best regards,
Thomas
I am not sure why you want an oil-salt water product. Most oil is held tightly to the sandstone-limestone reservoir rocks in which it is found, so that a highly variable third is usually produced leaving two thirds behind. (Salt) Water or natural gas is normally used to push the oil through the formation. Probably you know all this. Thomas provides references for other chemical methods. I add that bacteria are increasingly used. I have been interested in the use of specialized bacteria that can decrease the size of the old globs left behind and increase somewhat the proportion recovered from the oil field, and (disclosure) even invested in one company (Titan energy).
I am not sure if this answers your question.
Just about anything that goes to the oil-water interface will help stabilize the emulsion. In fact, a saltwater o-w emulsion is inherently more stable than in neutral water. The salinity should decrease the interfacial energy, slightly.
That being said: the best way to make "synthetic produced water" is to use shear. Unless you are specifically interested in additives (like surfactants, silica, etc), the best way to make a produced water sample is to use a powerful shearing pump and do so continuously on whatever reservoir you're using for testing.
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