Maybe I am using the wrong search words, but I can’t find any work on this topic.
Here’s what I am looking for and how I got in this corner. I use a physics-based system-level model that combines an automated Spring Mass model with a generic rotational model to compute a subject’s total Mass Specific Power (MSP, W/kg). The combined model replicates the typical 4% minimum in MSP or O2 consumption that is observed near a runner’s Preferred Step Frequency (PSF, Hz).
The combined model also predicts a decrease in PSF with increased height. (I found this effect in some reprocessed data from a paper by Rodger Kram and a dataset that I kindly received from John Rasmussen.)
I feel that the model might help explain why the observed PSF(v) dependence generally has a positive second derivative.
If you know of any research in this area, I would appreciate a citation.
Sincerely,
Ted Andresen
The combined model with the basic mathematic formulations is shown in the attached diagram
I am not sure if this will be of any help, but we have found that Western and Japanese marathoners have a vertical oscillation 50% greater than East African marathoners. East Africans are known to consume less oxygen than Westerners while running. We believe this is due to their smaller vertical oscillation. The vertical oscillation of Western and Japanese marathoners adds an additional 2.48 miles to their marathon.
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