I want to study the attraction forces among the planets at any time. So I need the position vector of the planets. Can you help me?
The calendrical characteristics and the coordinates of the planets orbiting the sun are basically obtained through the relations of celestial mechanics and astrodynamics, but the equations obtained for the interaction of more than two bodies are very complex and cannot be solved analytically. These equations are simplified by the perturbation method and solved numerically. But in the astronomical tables that are regularly updated, the location and time of the planets of the solar system can be obtained. In any case, if you have the will to do it, you should study the methods and algorithms of astrodynamics and determining the orbits of the planets so that you can get the position of the planets of the solar system with relatively complex calculations.
It is true that coordinates can be obtained only by numerical integrtion
of the equations of motion. I have just codes but they are complicated
to use.
I have computed the motion of planets for up to 10 billion years (!) but I saved the coordinates only for every 10,000 years (well maybe for every 100 year), but the results are huge tables.
You may use
firefox http://www.astro.utu.fi/mikkola/
If you are interested in the codes.
seppo mikkola
you might as well use JPL planetary ephemeris
https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/ephem.html
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