If I understand your question well, you mean if you are undertaking a qualitative study, whether you can refer to that as a survey or not. Generally, a survey is a quantitative design that is employed to study a segment (sample) of a larger population by administering a questionnaire. Surveys are useful when the focus is not to test association between or among variables. In this sense, obviously a qualitative study can not be regarded as a survey. However, it is common to hear the word "survey" being loosely used to refer to a "research project", which obviously is wrong.