Is it the oxidation power of a material (like Trichloroisocyanuric Acid (TCCA)) that leads to corrosion of equipment or the presence of individual elements and reactions, especially chlorine?
individual elements certainly. Although low pH has an effect on corrosion to some extent, but Cl would compete with that!
Corrosion of a metal can be pictured as an interaction between Fermi level of the metal and the lower unoccuppied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of the electrolyte. If the Fermi level of the metal is at a higher energy level than that of the LUMO of the electrolyte, easy metal ionization will occur. Based on this we can say that the oxidation power of the environment leads to corrosion. The orbital energy levels of the electrolyte are influenced by the concentration of its species like H+, OH-, Cl-, dissolved oxygen, and other oxidizing species such as ferric, chromate, manganate ions that decrease the LUMO energy.
In addition, halides such as chloride help breakdown the protective passive layer formed on alloy substrates.
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