Is it possible to reduce the volume of an ideal gas in a closed reciprocating cylinder without mass inlet and outlet by keeping the temperature constant and without allowing heat exchange with the environment?
For a closed system, the work is ∫PdV. If V changes (dV≠0) for any non-zero value of P, there will be work, which means a change of energy, either dU or dQ or both. This would be true even for a non-ideal gas if it were to undergo a chemical reaction or any other molecular structural change.
Note that a *closed* system is one that has no mass exchange with the surroundings. An *isolated* system is one that no mass OR heat exchange with the surroundings.
Your question has the following constraints 1) Closed system(No Mass transfer) 2) Temperature constant(Isothermal) 3)Without exchanging heat with environment(Adiabatic). With these conditions reducing the volume of a gas is not possible.
Isothermal compression (with Heat rejection) is possible to reduce the volume of the gas maintaining constant temperature. But not without exchange of heat.
For an ideal gas both constant temperature and no heat transfer conditions met only during throttling.
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