According to new research Physicist and engineer Klaus Lackner makes artificial trees, is it possible to capture the carbon dioxide from atmosphere by these artificial trees?
Well, as I understand Lackner's system, it is an abiotic emulation of photosynthesis. However, living creatures have very complicated, multiple-step reactions, often with many "black boxes" that cannot be fully explained. In a real tree, for example, the processes of respiration, transporation, and photosynthesis, among others, are affected synergistically and antagonistically with one another. That is, the biogeochemical cycling and processes are not isolated. As such, the abiotic system will be much more complex. So, to answer your follow-up question, I strongly suspect that the answer is, no, the natural system will have many more biochemical reactions and exchanges the the simple "tree machine".
I looked at Lackner's system. It is both a sequestration and reaction chamber, i.e. physical capture and chemical reactions of CO2. This does indeed emulate natural plant life, i.e. absorption of CO2 and biochemical conversion to organic compounds and O2. So, the answer is yes, these "trees" can capture CO2. The challenges will, as usual, be dealing with the scale and complexity of using these or other similar devices on a larger scale. See Dave Resnik's and my article on geoengineering (Article Geoengineering: An Idea Whose Time Has Come?
What do you mean by artificial plants? Is it non-natural plants ?
An artificial, unnatural plant is an imitation of a complete plant made of plastic, paper, silk or other artificial material. Artificial plants, with artificial flowers, are part of the floral art in interior decoration or outdoor topiary art.
Well, as I understand Lackner's system, it is an abiotic emulation of photosynthesis. However, living creatures have very complicated, multiple-step reactions, often with many "black boxes" that cannot be fully explained. In a real tree, for example, the processes of respiration, transporation, and photosynthesis, among others, are affected synergistically and antagonistically with one another. That is, the biogeochemical cycling and processes are not isolated. As such, the abiotic system will be much more complex. So, to answer your follow-up question, I strongly suspect that the answer is, no, the natural system will have many more biochemical reactions and exchanges the the simple "tree machine".
I think for most practical purposes, for the foreseeable future, artificial trees are not a feasible option. Real trees are better and they deal with harmful air pollution in cities as well as CO2.
A recent BBC documentary suggested that it was possible to significantly reduce air pollution due to vehicles in an urban school setting.
Planting banks of trees and hedges can make a difference: https://www.treecouncil.org.uk/Press-News/Hedges-reduce-the-impact-of-air-pollution
Klaus Lackner, director of the Lenfest Center for Sustainable Energy at Columbia University, has come up with a technique that he thinks could solve the problem. Lackner has designed an artificial tree that passively soaks up carbon dioxide from the air using “leaves” that are 1,000 times more efficient than true leaves that use photosynthesis.
"We don't need to expose the leaves to sunlight for photosynthesis like a real tree does," Lackner explains. "So our leaves can be much more closely spaced and overlapped – even configured in a honeycomb formation to make them more efficient." The leaves look like sheets of papery plastic and are coated in a resin that contains sodium carbonate, which pulls carbon dioxide out of the air and stores it as a bicarbonate (baking soda) on the leaf. To remove the carbon dioxide, the leaves are rinsed in water vapour and can dry naturally in the wind, soaking up more carbon dioxide.
Lackner calculates that his tree can remove one tonne of carbon dioxide a day. Ten million of these trees could remove 3.6 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide a year – equivalent to about 10% of our global annual carbon dioxide emissions. "Our total emissions could be removed with 100 million trees," he says, "whereas we would need 1,000 times that in real trees to have the same effect."
If the trees were mass produced they would each initially cost around $20,000 (then falling as production takes over), just below the price of the average family car in the United States, he says, pointing out that 70 million cars are produced each year. And each would fit on a truck to be positioned at sites around the world. "The great thing about the atmosphere is it's a good mixer, so carbon dioxide produced in an American city can be removed in Oman," he says.