Is it possible to implement master and doctoral programs for training research personnel in organizations that are not affiliated with the university, for example, in research centers and research institutes (which are independent organizations)?
A PhD has to be awarded by a certified degree awarding body, which will be a University or equivalent (not all universities have such powers). What a "program" consists of will vary considerably but wil have elements of coursework, supervision and assessment The degree awarding body will have governance rules that specify how much of this it must deliver/control and this will normally not fall below 50%, otherwise the arrangement comes closer and closer to validating an external organization's qualification. The European Doctoral programs Association for Management and Business Administration which operates globally, has developed a code of practice that could apply to other disciplines. Check out their website www.edamba.eu or get a copy from [email protected].
The name of the institution offering doctoral and/or master programs could be university, college, institute, school, etc. What counts is the accreditation of such institution.
Universities grant doctoral and masters programmes that are recognised. This is very important to ensure that students can find jobs after they obtain degrees. So RC and RI can collaborate with universities to implement degrees but the award of the degree is by the universities, not RC/RI.
There are universities that are NOT recognised by their governments. Such universities also grant degrees. But why would anyone pay for an unrecognised degree?
I think a PhD has to be awarded by a certified University, which have such powers. A PhD program consists of wil have elements of Research, writing a dissertation (writing a thesis), subject to rules and standards.
Yes. However, I think only an accredited/certified institution should award the PhD. Some UK and European Universities have infield PhDs but even then they want regular submissions of research outcomes to the university.
The organization granting a Master`s degree or Ph.D degree must be an educational institution, whether it is a university or school. At the same time, the educational institution should have been accredited.