It is difficult to capture the descending branch in the stress- strain diagram of the material in an experimental direct tension protocol (see Figure (a): tension behavior). The flexibility of the loading system causes premature specimen collapse. This is due to the release of stored strain energy in the loading equipement. It has been argued that it is feasible to measure this softening behavior when a sufficiently controlled strain rate is used. Given these facts, the following questions arise:

  • Is it possible to measure the softening behavior of plain concrete in an experiment?
  • Is there any experimental evidence of this measurement being possible when using a sufficiently controlled strain rate?
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