In India, industry uses 415 Volts 3 phase AC power at 50 Hz. It has pros and cons but from electrical safety point of view, where our existing power system protection in Real world do not even have proper earthing and ELCBs. Is it more safe to half the supply voltage to avoid fatalities? Do it has many complications and economics in the world as all the equipment will have to be redesign and existing also needed to be replaced which might not be a direct fruitful preposition.
In my answers, I discussed the advantages and disadvantages of 110 on 220, to give more safety and security 110 are used, though not economical, but with advent in solar power of individual houses it economical too for domestic load areas...
As I understand, current is also an important cause which results in fatalities to people apart from the voltage.
The condition of a person touching a wire or equipment carrying a high current in a low system voltage (110V) system for a longer duration condition will surely be more critical than if the same person touches the same wire in a higher voltage (220V) but carrying a comparatively lower current and for shorter duration.
You are right about the last point. If we want to change the voltage level, then we will have to replace all the equipment (especially voltage sensitive loads such as motors, computers etc)
Obviously for the same amount of power if voltage is half, current would be double. But think of low voltage system, insulation depending on voltage would be less. However metallic conductor carrying current would be costly. For developing countries like India question of affordability would come with low voltage operation with more amount of costly conductor material. Voltage level of 110 is not so fatal as 220 volts. Thus the former is rather safe, but a costly matter for the wire to be used for the same amount of power to be handled.
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