In view of a recently published article in Nature
"Predatory journals: no definition, no defence"
the authors put forward a definition and achieved a consensus in order to move forward.
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-03759-y
How likely is it to find out the true value of a non-classified non-ranked non-indexed journal before publishing?
A good question. It's a 'chicken and egg' situation. Predatory journals are often under-resourced. They desire maximum money from minimum effort. Legitimate new journals want to establish themselves - but they often lack the resources to get fully established.
A COPE case:
Withdrawal of accepted manuscript from predatory journal
https://publicationethics.org/Case/withdrawal-accepted-manuscript-predatory-journal?utm_source=All+Subscribers&utm_campaign=8a2bb53357-TOP+CASES+OF+YEAR_DECEMBER+2019_DIGEST&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_6eb8aec9d3-8a2bb53357-263884274
I receive eight to ten invitations daily from such journals, asking me to submit any manuscript to complete submission of a volume in their journal. Whether these journals tend to use such approach because they are under-resourced or predatory journals, I believe these two characteristics are very related. Contrary to this approach, journals with high impact factor when they invite me, usually they are asking me to review a manuscript. Looking at the website of the journals inviting you will provide answers to several questions you may have including the quality of published papers, journal's indices, impact factors, the list of peer reviewers, if available, and citations/and altmetric scores. Another character of these predatory journals, they are always asking you to submit a paper, even one or two pages, within a week or so; as if it is an opportunity you should not lose.
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