f the article provides a solution to an open problem that has aroused the interest of many researchers for many years (decades), it is certainly a sign of high quality. And here it is absolutely unimportant neither the impact factor of the journal nor the citation index
I think impact factor and citations are less important for a quality research. A quality research is that one which address or provide the best solution to a problem which for many decades has been waited for solution.
Today these three are somehow signs of good research work. If you have a good number of external citations it shows the value of your work. Impact factor is also a good sign of nice work but it is not too much important. Number of authors can be any but if they have really contributed in the work. The quality of work should be increased with increasing number of authors and the individual contribution of each author should be mentioned.
In history there are certain results to which people did not paid much attention during their publications or was rejected for publication but later researcher realized the importance of results and was led to an important area.
In my opinion not every researcher have that much time to work on open problems for years because there are other responsibilities of jobs like supervision of PhD students etc. Automatically, one has to pick some less difficult problems for students that they can complete their work on specified time.
In conclusion, one should work on less difficult/important problems with research students and should also work on some sort of open or important/difficult problems in collaboration with experts in the area.
I Think impact factor show quality of journal. And citations of paper is better for compare of research. So the number of authors show difficulty of issue.