Energy is a work like a finished action that doesn't have a mass. Real energy is a relatively high-speed (accelerated) expansion of a volume relative to the amount of mass of an object and space (density of the medium). Light slows down when it travels in a high-density medium, indicating that it needs free space to be. Probably, a mass changes its symmetry relative to the speed of its continuation, but it doesn't convert mass into energy. All the field waves have some type of mass, and that change doesn't make them energy. Prof. Albert Einstein introduced energy using mass (Kilograms), and his definition of energy only represents potential energy in mass, and it is different from real energy. All the quantum elements including space are potential energy because they contain moving or rest mass. And a packet of mass should have a maximum density if it doesn't overlap with other packets of mass. But usually, the defined mass represents overlapped field waves. Likely, the wave function of quantum elements collapses due to increasing the density of their mass during the observation. The wavelength of light changes while the light is traveling because light experiences time. Prof. Einstein didn't care about what light experiences. Wave symmetry changes relative to their speeds, and it doesn't change the absolute time they experience. Relative time doesn’t exist in reality. If the light has a mind, then it can know that it changes with time due to quantum fluctuations. Interpretations don't change the reality of time, and light itself is moving in time. Changes in both matter and space make time. If some theorists believe in Einstein's space bending, then it means they don’t care about the quantum nature of space. Some theorists tried to show the origin of matter inside a tiny singularity by turning General Relativity upside down, using an unbelievable interpretation. Likely, they didn’t know that only matter can produce energy, or didn’t care about it.!

E = mc^2 kg^-1.m^8.s^-2 (m is not in Kg. m = the volume of the mass = 1×HWL/mass m^3.kg^-1).

Force (F) = the amount of volume relative to the mass × acceleration = n×(HWL/1kg)×a. So, E = n(HWL/1kg)c^2.

The E= mc^2 equation is wrong if energy is an accelerated expansion of a volume. A force/F is a linear acceleration.

Interactions of waves would reduce or increase the density of their potential energy, causing them to change their properties according to the wave symmetry related to their formation. But the wave symmetry would depend on its fundamental quantity related to the Planck constants (h or ħ). Therefore, different Planck constants could make different waves of quantum fields. Also, a high-quantity Planck constant could make a tight symmetry that doesn’t allow traveling at the speed of light. And a low-quantity Planck constant could make a loose symmetry that allows traveling faster than the speed of light. If the observers are related to their wave symmetry, then different Planck constants could make parallel worlds relative to each other. The hypothetical wave particles with maximum density and extremely high energies wouldn’t reach the speed of light, and their wave symmetry would cause them to decay quickly into many ultra-high-energy Gamma, Proton, or Muons-Neutrino rays that travel closer to the speed of light.

E.g., If the Electron’s mass = 2886.999695480226×59×3 = 510998.9461 eV/c^2, and the Muon’s mass = 10117.62668773341×59×59×3 = 105658375.5 eV/c^2, then Muon mass / Electron mass = 3.504547196029557×59..

Approximately, the Tau’s mass = 510445.2743464522×59×59 = 2883.871606477131×59×59×59×3 = 1776860000 eV/c^2. Then Muon mass / Tau mass = 3.508348521830645/59.. Electron mass / Tau mass = 1.001084683865977 / 59^2. Seemingly, there is a wave symmetry between Electron, Muon, and Tau. And likely, those numbers are related to a ratio between wave amplitude (height), wave width, wavelength, and wave density like this:

Wave symmetry ratio of the Electron: 2886.99969548: 1: 59: 3. The Electron would have a 1-dimensional width.

Wave symmetry ratio of the Muon: 10117.6266877: 59: 59: 3. Muon’s wave height can cause it to decay faster.

Wave symmetry ratio of the Tau: 59: 59: 59: 3×2883.8716. The Tau has a high-density mass.

A verifiable theory of everything: Preprint Verifying The Origin Of Everything

- W. Suresh.

Dear Pushpendra Pal Singh ,

just a simple answer;

you have to change the units accordingly when converting time from second (s) to hour (h): 1h = 3600s or 1s = (1/3600)h;

so replacing 1s by (1/3600)h you will have

c ~ 3x108m/s = 3* 108 m / [(1/3600)h]= 1,08x1012m/h.

Your absolute number from above is the same (=1,08x1012), but the unit is [m/h] and not [m/s].

So please pay attention when changing the units; this also holds when having a look at the energy (e.g. for E = m*c2; you may use [kg*m2/h2] as energy unit instead of [kg*m2/s2]; but the absolute value of the number ahead will change when doing that).

Things should be OK for you now...

By the way: "why that certain number is 3 ×10⁸ m/s" ?

Answer: the speed of light is a fundamental universal constant. Within our present system of units it has a value of about 3x108m/s.

Moreover, since the year 1983 the value of c has been set to a value of exactly c =299792458 m/s*) and from that time on it is an agreed fundamental constant which replaces the definition of the length of a 'meter'.

For details please see for example the section 'Use in unit systems' in:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_light

*) in vacuum

Best regards

G.M.

Dear Pushpendra Pal Singh Science is right on speed of flashlight in vacuum, but wrong on speed of sunlight, thus the whole formula is totally wrong. Article Title: Science is wrong on…Light & Photon

“…if I use light speed relative to a hour it will be 1.08 × 10 ¹² m /s . …”, etc.

- in a first approximation, which is practically completely applicable in everyday mainstream physical practice, that is answered in the Gerhard Martens post above – anybody can measure, and use results of the measurements, intervals in the utmost universal in Matter “kinematical” 3D space and 1D time dimensions, using at that arbitrary units/etalons of the intervals,

- however at the using in concrete cases in physics the units must be connected by the condition that everything in Matter moves and changes in the existent now in the mainstream Matter’s 4D spacetime that has metrics (ct, X,Y,Z), c is the speed of light, XYZ are the space dimensions, t is the time dimension, provided the “equal footing” at the motion/changes in the spacetime. Including from this condition it is possible to define only one unit, in mainstream that is the time unit, in SI system “second”, and so “meter” is the distance that light moves in one second.

Though really Matter’s spacetime is the fundamentally absolute, fundamentally flat, and fundamentally “Cartesian”, [4+4+1]4D spacetime with metrics (cτ,X,Y,Z,g,w,e,s,ct), where the utmost universal “kinematical” metrics is [5]4D (cτ,X,Y,Z,ct), i.e. really the mainstream time dimension “ct” in the 4D metrics above is the, though specific, but really only a space dimension “cτ”, while real/ “true”/5-th time dimension is the “ct” in [5]4D real metrics,

- however “equal footing” in all 5 dimensions remains in this case also.

Note also, that really the speed of light isn’t a fundamentally constant in all inertial reference frames, light moves with the speed of light in the 3D space only in absolute frames that are at rest in this space, while if the speed of light is measured in any, moving with some speeds V in the space, frame, observers in the frames really measure some compositions of (c±V), however if the scaled rules and synchronized clocks in the frames are set correctly, i.e. in accordance with the Lorentz transformations, the observers always obtain that real (c±V) is equal to c.,

- i.e. the speed of light isn’t constant, it is invariant.

That is another thing that the speed of light is a “fundamental constant” in other sense, since it is determined by the properties of the ultimate base of Matter – the primary elementary logical structures – (at least) [4+4+1]4D binary reversible fundamental logical elements [FLE], which compose the (at least) [4+4+1]4D dense lattice, which is placed in the Matter’s spacetime above, c=lP/tP, where lP and tP are Planck length and Planck time, which are FLE “size” and FLE “flip” time interval, and are really ultimately fundamental constants, more see https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354418793_The_Informational_Conception_and_the_Base_of_Physics

Cheers

The equation is about the equivalence of energy and mass. It is a statical comparison between the energy of “free quanta” and the energy of the mass (a local concentration of energy). Time is not part of the equation E = m c2.

A single quantum of energy has the constant speed of light (c) if the trajectory of the quantum is linear (like an electromagnetic wave). The quantum represents change and during 1 second the linear change of position of a quantum of energy in vacuum space is about 300.000.000 m.

To create a local mass there must be an amount of “free energy” available in vacuum space to create the mass. But at the moment the mass is created its properties are not identical to the properties of the previous “free energy”. For example if the energy of the mass is a concentration of 1024 h (Planck’s constant) we don’t observe 1024 quanta co-moving with the speed of light in vacuum space.

In other words, every concentrated fixed amount of energy must be transformed into a multiple of the quantum in vacuum space to create “free energy”. The conversion of a “locked quantum” into a “free quantum” needs the multiplication of the mass with c2.

The latter is difficult to understand because what does the equation actually mean? Is it the transformation of vacuum space around the mass like it was before the concentration of energy (m)? Or is it just the hypothetical situation that we pick one by one a quantum of energy from the mass and apply c2 to each quantum?

The first proposition is easier to understand than the second one. Because at the end of the local concentration of energy the average amplitudes of the electromagnetic field in vacuum space around have decreased, because this amount of free energy was transformed into the mass (m).

Decreasing the amplitudes of the electromagnetic field means decreasing the surface area of the amplitudes. Actually, we cannot state that an amplitude is equivalent to an amount of volume (geometrics) because applying energy to a particle doesn’t blow up its size, it is changing its velocity. In other words, energy represents surface area and it is a variable property of the structure of the electromagnetic field.

Thus c2 is not 300.000.000 m2 because the equivalence between mass and energy is expressed with the help of a statical equation. Moreover, the speed of light (c) is an unbreakable attribute of the quantum of free energy (h). Actually it is a duality that cannot be seperated.

With kind regards, Sydney