If both kind of questions are there in a questionnaire i.e. close ended and open ended . Then can we termed this research as qualitative and quantitative..
No. It depends on the method of data collection and the sampling procedure. Personally, I think that it is a quantitative research with an added value to questions that need further explanation. Thank you.
This topic as just been discussed at:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_to_deal_with_qualitative_data_of_the_open-ended_questions_in_the_quantitative_surveys
I believe this discussion (quite long) duplicates your question:
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Are_open-ended_questions_on_surveys_enough_for_a_study_to_be_considered_mixed-method
If both close and open ended questions are there in a questionnaire then can we say that the research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative?
Typically this can be mixed method research especially the concurrent designs. However, rigorous literature review need to be attempted to adopt / adapt / develop those quantitative closed questionnaire & qualitative open ended questions. Meaning these 2 sets of questions must be purpose built & not unrelated for the sake to collect additional data types from respondents / participants.
No. A few open-ended questions in a survey does not qualify as a qualitative research technique. It will be interesting to see what kind of responses you get. My experience is that most open-ended questions get fewer and shallow responses, some are hard to interpret, and a lot of responses are difficult to categorize.
open-ended questions when included in a survey does not make your survey qualitative. Unless you get long answers that provide depth and richness that allows you to explore underlying meanings, your study is a quantitative study. Open ended questions by themselves do not make a quantitative study into a mixed methods study.
It depends a good bit on how you do your analysis. If you treat the quantitative and qualitative variables as separate categories and just describe them separately, then you don't have any meaningful mixed methods. If you are able to integrate the two kinds of data in some useful ways, such as using the narrative data to clarify and explain various quantitative findings, then you do. It isn't a matter of the study per se, but what you do with the data that matters.
I agree with Jd. The qualitative inputs need to be integrated/compared with the quantitative ones.
The tool you use to collect data does not imply strictly in itself what kind of research you're doing. It depends on what you do with the data collected.
If you'll use standardized categories/methods to codify and analyze open ended questions, your research will be quantitative.
You have to decide based on the data what you collected wherther it is qualitative or quantitative and go for it.
No, not necessary. It depends on others things as well. The method, sampling procedure, sampling size, saturated information attained, among others.
No, that just means that you integrated open(-er) questions in your survey. If the analysis remains on quantitative level, your study will still be a quantitative one. If your free text answers are rich enough that you are able to adopt some qualitative method, in order to disentangle underlying menings of statements, your analysis might be called qualitative or mixed methods. In a nutshell, data collection is strongly influencing your analysis, and part of the analytical process, but should not be confused with actual analysis of material
both open and closed questions(semi structured) mean that the questionnaire is collecting qualitative and quantitative data .
No. It depends on the method of data collection and the sampling procedure. Personally, I think that it is a quantitative research with an added value to questions that need further explanation. Thank you.
Dear Abdulgaffar
- I do agree with your viewpoint but all I am saying is questionnaire can also be used for collecting qualitative data. We can't strict or confined questionnaire as purely quantitative instrument but to some extent you can also used it for qualitative purpose. As open ended questions in the questionnaire provide you an insightful answer of qualitative nature. Where respondents are free to express their ideas, experience through it.
- If you do have any other points, please share it with us.
Dear Daud
Very informative discussion
I think you come up with your conclusions
To a certain extent is affirmative, depending on the depth and breadth of the study. You can combine them in the presentation of the results. Better still, to have them separately. At least you have many papers. Thank you.
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