Khalid A. Khalid and Mahmoud R. Shedeed, 2015. Effect of NPK and foliar nutrition on growth, yield and chemical constituents in Nigella sativa L. J. Mater. Environ. Sci. 6: 1709-1714.

Please have a look at these PDF attachments.

What is the basis of response of crops to fertilization, soil application or foliar fertilization or even derivation..

Plant response to fertilizers can be explained through the measurements of plant growth parameters like Leaf Area Index (LAI), Net Assimilation Rate (NAR). Relative Growth Rate (RGR), Leaf Area Ratio (LAR), Leaf Area Duration (LAD), Crop Growth Rate (CGR) beside Total Biomass and Grain Yield. The attached pdf may provide you some more information.

It is obvious that crops will respond to fertilizer application. However, the biggest indicator to assess this response is estimation of biological yield, especially to that of grain/fruit yield.

The best parameters to study response of crop plants to applied fertilizer nutrients are the yield and nutrient uptake. These can then be used to compute fertilizer use efficiencies like partial factor productivity, and if a no-fertilizer plot is also maintained, better fertilizer use efficiency parameters such as agronomic efficiency, nutrient use efficiency and physiological efficiencies can also be computed. These efficiency parameters very well explain the response of plants to fertilizers

Dear dr.Singh

Thank u about your answer ..i mean if you have a book or research

The role of different essential elements for plant growth and development separately given in this useful attached file.

Dear Haifa, you may consult the below reference books;

1. Soil Fertility and Fertilizers, An Introduction to Nutrient Management

Havlin, J. L., Beaton, J. D., Tisdale, S. L., and Nelson, W. R., Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1999, 6th Edition

2. Soil Fertility and Fertilizers

Tisdale, S. L., Nelson, W. L and Beaton, J. D.,Macmillon Publishing Co., N. Y., 1993, 5th Edition

U can consult nelson tisdale book

Please have a look at enclosed PDF entitled Nutrient-use-efficiency in perennial fruits: review...hope , you like it Haifa

Dear Haifa Jasim, though it differed on type of plant and purpose of application, you can evaluate on basis of morphological, phenological, yield and chemical characters. To give you as an example

Morphological parameters: Leaf number, leaf area, branch number, height, spreadness, etc

Phonological characters: Days to start flowering, days to end flowering, days to maturity, etc

Yield parameters: cob length, cob diameter, weight of 100 seeds, number of cobs per plant and grain yield while that of soybean include number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, weight of 100 pods, weight of 100 seeds,grain yield, biomass yield, etc.

Chemical characters: phytochemicals, tissue analysis, etc

Consult my Paper Published in Geoderma (World soil science society Journal). Full Pdf is attached.

Article Combination of modified nitrogen fertilizers and water savin...

Plant growth parameters as affected by soil fertilization on rice are:

• Dry matter accumulation (DMA).
• Crop Growth Rate (CGR)
• Relative Growth Rate (RGR).
• Net Assimilation Rate (NAR)
• Leaf area index (LAI).
• Flag leaf area
• Chlorophyll concentration or content in leaves.
• Plant height.
• Number of tillers
• Number of panicles

2. Yield attributes:

• Filled grain weight (g) panicle-1.
• 1000-grain weight (g).
• Filled grains% .
• Total number of grains panicle-1.
• Panicle weight.
• Panicle length.

3. chemical composition in plant:

• Macro elements analyses in plant.
• Micro elements analyses in plant.

4. Chemical analyses in soil :

• Macro elements analyses in plant.
• Micro elements analyses in plant.

Finally, the yield is the major indicator of fertilizers uptake:

• Grain yield
• Straw yield
• Harvest index (HI)

Greetings

Nehal

hope usefulll

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