For public research institutions, they should have a clear cut policy and strategies for the implementation of projects. Besides, avoiding unnecessary and unpractical research works might be a part of the solution.

That's quite right Abdella Chebo , but unfortunatly usually people only stick to science. If it is good to science that the project got a green flag to go. But usually there is no market research in public research institution, so they will not know if the research are actually needed now. If it is not needed, it just gone to drain, entering innovation "death valley", only use for paper publication. There is very little follow on research later on if suddenly there is a market/need for those invention

Dear Sigit Setiawan I have a review paper on the subject. It might be interesting to you Article Creating Innovation Policies that Leads to Positive Future S...

Regards

Mohamed

Thank you Mohamed Buheji for sharing me your paper about innovation policy

Public organizations have the classic defect of not rewarding the best - which can in practice represent a way to punish them. The culture of meritocracy is the best way to encourage innovation in the public service.

For the successful development of an innovative economy, production must be motivated to introduce innovations. The problem cannot be solved in the conditions of the dominance of the raw material economy.

Thank you Roberto - Minadeo and Oleg F. Shabrov . I think one key difference between public and private R&D institution is the motivation. There are sense of security in the term of fund, and organization well being because it back up by the government. It will reduce the need to innovate or to disseminate R&D result to create competitive advantage properly