The rate of drop outs from those pursuing Ph.D is quite high across the countries, though the rate differs from country to country. Thus, there is huge wastage of time and effort. What policy changes are needed to bring the drop rate down.
I would say the journey is rather long, demanding and lonesome. In today's dynamic environment, the "long and demanding" part hits the researcher even more, both on the professional as well as personal fronts, in terms of having to cope with challenges, pressures and missed opportunities.
Given the above, the lonesome part gets even more difficult to bear. There need to be some "safety nets": in terms of advisers, mentors and peers who may be interested or at least engaged in the researcher's journey and eventual success.