Natural fibres such as hemp sisal etc...Synthetic fibre such as E-glass, S-glas etc..The steps
Linto,
I can help you with the natural fiber part. I have attached a useful review article that you can use to find your answers. Also, remember to check the references in the Silane treatment part ( references 25 - 38).
I have attached couple of more papers on other forms of treatments of natural fibers if you were interested.
Regards,
Ali Amiri
Article Chemical Treatments of Natural Fiber for Use in Natural Fibe...
Article Effect of Chemical Treatment of Flax Fiber and Resin Manipul...
Read my article on monolayer. You need to make sure that moisture is exclusive of the treatment process. Silane hydrolyses fast in presence of trace amount of moisture and it decreases efficiency.
Hello,
Below is an excerpt from "P. Ganan, J. Cruz, S. Garbizu, A. Arbelaiz, I. Mondragon, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 94, p. 1489, 2004." about performing silane treatment on lignocellulosic fibers.
"Previous to the treatments, all fibers were dried at 105 +- 5°C. For alkalization (M), fiber bundles were immersed in a 20 wt % sodium hydroxide solution for 1 h. The fibers were repeatedly washed with distilled water with a few drops of acetic acid, then washed with distilled water until neutral pH was established. The fibers were dried for 24 h at 105 +-5°C. For silane treatment, the fibers were immersed in a 5 wt % silane methanol solution for 1.5 h. Then, the fibers were dried at 105 5°C for 24 h."
Below is another excerpt about effect of silane treatment on lignocellulosic agro-residual fibers. It is quoted from "Yılmaz, N.D. “Agro-Residual Fibers as Potential Reinforcement Elements for Biocomposites”, Chapter 11, in “Lignocellulosic Polymer Composites: Processing, Characterization and Properties”, Ed. Thakur, V.K., Wiley -Scrivener, USA, ISBN 978-1-118-77357-4, s. 233-270, 2015"
"By forming stable covalent bonds, the silane treatment would improve the contact
angle against water by increasing the hydrophobicity. The mechanism of this treatment can be explained as a silane chemical reacts with water and forms a silanol and an alcohol. With the moisture present, the silanol reacts with the hydroxyl groups of the cellulose and bonds itself to the cell wall [8].
Decrease in water absorption behavior is reported to occur with silanizing of banana
stem and bunch fibers [26]. Ganan et al. [26] reported an increase in contact angle and decrease in surface free energy and polar component. They found silane deposition on fibers surface according to Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) analysis."
Best Regards and good luck with your research...
what is need of doing alkali treatment prior to silane treatment ?
In the cited paper alkalization treatment is not carried out prior to silanization according to what is understood from the fulltext, but the effects of alkalization and silanization are compared.
However, literature should be searched for studies where silenization is carried out after an alkali treatment. Alkali treatment may be conducted to remove extracellulosic materials from natural fibers prior to other chemical procedures.
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