Dear Agnieszka Piekutowska ,

You might want to have a look at the KOF Globalization Index of the KOF Swiss Economic Institute (https://kof.ethz.ch/en/forecasts-and-indicators/indicators/kof-globalisation-index.html).

You have a subindex of trade globalization (de iure and de facto). Probably, you might want the de iure index.

I hope it helps.

Best,

José-Ignacio

Hello Agnieszka Piekutowska.

The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) publishes the Open Markets Index (OMI) with the aim of presenting a balanced and reliable measurement of an economy’s openness to trade.

You might want to have a look at their document:

https://iccwbo.org/publication/icc-open-markets-index-2017/

Best regards.

This is a great idea! At the same time, a similar analysis is probably carried out by the WTO. We are talking about the calculation of all support measures for domestic business. Surely the WTO considers them, otherwise how to control the members? De jure, all members of this organization undertake to comply with generally accepted approaches that allow protectionist measures only as a response to unfriendly actions or in some cases to "protect young industries".

Again, if you mean external protectionism - support for companies when exporting - then again, this is the number of measures and recipients of support for them. These will be the basic indicators that will later help to establish correlations and reach interesting results.

A cursory analysis of RSCI did not show similar studies. Good luck!

Recent measures from several countries, linked to high technology items, show that protection is superior to what any index indicates. It takes a broader view to capture the self-interest behind such measures.

Dear Agnieszka, if you are interested on trade in services (which represent more than 50% of the value added in gross exports, and over 30% of the value added in exports of manufacturing goods), the OECD Services Trade Restrictiveness Index might be useful. Regards.

https://issuu.com/oecd.publishing/docs/oecd_stri_policy_trends_up_to_2022

Dear Agnieszka Piekutowska . It is measured by tariffs, subsidies, quotas, and currency manipulation.. See the link: https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-trade-protectionism-3305896

Kindly see also the following useful link: https://blogs.worldbank.org/trade/how-measure-trade-protection

Also check please the following useful link: https://www.jstor.org/stable/1829532

The following link is also very useful: https://www.google.com/amp/s/m.economictimes.com/news/economy/foreign-trade/view-protectionist-measures-announced-in-international-trade-by-fm-are-indeed-worrisome/amp_articleshow/73880080.cms

Protectionism exists in international trade in many forms. Previously Protectionism prevailed through tariffs but nowadays Non- tariff measures (NTMs) have dominated the market and created many obstacles. NTMs are hidden in documents. Measures like Gravity modelling, Price- effect, Trade Restrictiveness Index, questainnaire based inquiry, surveys with exporters, can be used to analyse the impact. One can also use Revealed Trade Barrier Index to study the trade deviation between two countries. Trend of trade gives a clear picture of the protecionism. For more detail Product wise research in HS 6 digit level will show depth analysis.

My papers:

https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0015732520961309

https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0975087819898582

Thank You so much for reply! I could not ask for more. That is very inspiring!