Hi all, I did PolyNIPAM-Cellulose grafting process using Ceric Ammonium Nitrate and HNO3 as catalyst. I did the experiment for many times. It can be concluded from 10 experiments:
- 3 experiments with high amount of polyNIPAM grafted to cellulose surface
- 5 experiments with low amount of polyNIPAM grafted to cellulose surface
- 2 experiments failed (no polyNIPAm grafted)
I did that 10 experiments with exactly same condition and recipe. But how can I the results were different.
I just wondering, is the problem on the cellulose?
FYI, I use cellulose pulp as raw material, immersed to the water before grafting reaction. But the time of cellulose immersed in water are not same for every experiment (I don't record them coz I never expect this will affect my experiment before).
Some people said that the reactivity of cellulose depend on the number of accessible -OH group of cellulose. How can I increase the reactivity of cellulose?
Thank you
Best regards,
Ricky
There are many methods of pre-activation of cellulose by immersing it water, weak acids, tretary amines, aliphatic alcohols in research articles (Please see G. A. Petropavlovskii and his colleagues works from Net). When you treat cellulose you destroy inter- and intramolecular H-bonds within macromolecules. Furthermore, these treatments allows open micropores in crystallic parts of cellulose and freely penetrate grafting agents and their ability to act with free OH-groups.
there are many methods to increase the reactivity of cellulose hydroxyl groups, one of it is boiling cellulose in dilute NaOH solution
To word grafting process. you can mange the time of add the initiator and monomers to avoid homo polymer formation. addition of initiator with cellulose before add NIPAM will be help. for details you can see the following paper
Mohy Eldin, M.S., Gouda, M.H., Abu-Saied, M.A., El-Shazly, Y.M.S., Farag, H.A.. Development of grafted cotton fabrics ions exchanger for dye removal applications: methylene blue model. Desalination and Water Treatment.(2016) 57(46), pp. 22049-22060
The below mentioned researcher has many articles involving reactivity of cellulose. Look specially at the older articles. Happy new year.
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yehia_Fahmy
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