If your focus is processing data from Android device sensors you may wany to try http://awareframework.com --it is a comprehensive solution for storage, processingn and dissemination of contextual knowledge for Android.
You can write the server in pretty much any technology you are most comfortable with (if it is for testing/prototyping purpose). If it is for production, than you might want to put a little more thought into performance and scalability.
On the other hand, you should first ask yourself what the server is supposed to do.
If you want to have the server deliver data to your app (and possibly with some form of restrictions - user authentication etc) without much processing on the server end, than you might want to use some sort of generic CRUD interfacing API generator software to build your server application based on your data model.
If you want to have the server simply collect data, like say... from sensors (with or without some special authentication features in this phase of your project), than you might want to go with a simple storage API. You can find a number of good and free solutions for this. You basically build a database model, pass data through from the client via routes defined by some naming convention. There are on-line services that allow this. Some are free for a period of time (some even up to a year).
If you, however, want to have the server application perform some special logic (business logic or data transformation, manipulation, filtering etc) before sending it to your mobile application, than you will probably have to go with a platform that you are most comfortable working with, because you will end up having to write out the code for much of this logic on the server side and it is always best to do it in a language and technology that you are most comfortable and familiar with. For me PHP would be the language of choice in combination with a DBMS such as MariaDB or MongoDB (depending on the type and structure of the data and on how often this data structure changes if it even does).
I hope that this gives you some more pointers on how to proceed in finding the best solution for your task and research.