read this may it be useful for u:

Article Identification of parameters of concrete damage plasticity c...

and this:

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/af60/738a1af6f0cfba1d5722c81c940e1e6575b4.pdf

Maybe my pre-print is interesting for you:

Preprint Modeling the stiffness degradation of concrete based on phys...

or here the abstract:

https://tu-dresden.de/zih/hochleistungsrechnen/hpc-monat?set_language=en

Damage parameters in concrete can be found by using special instruments like sensors and strain gauge.

Strain gauge in the sense piezoelectric, photoelectric strain gauge are commonly used.

Fiber optic sensors are quite advanced sensors used to find the parameters of concrete.