For some ideas and inspiration please refer to our papers on aspects of various living agroforestry/agro-sylvo-pastoral systems: dehesa (Esselink & Gils 1994; Duque Lazo et al. various) and taunya (Boakye at al 2012).

Many historical agroforestry systems seem to have specialized (e.g. European Hudewald) in one of its components, or are in the process of doing so (dehesa; African savanna).

Thanks Gils. I will see it.

Some years back in US, I attended a presentation on what was called silvopasture. You might try internet with the term, which is a cross between silviculture and range pasture. I think they recommended a woodland density of trees at 30-50 sq ft basal area per acre, and when possible species that allow prescribed burning as a management option. Native trees and grasses preferred, avoid any non-native, invasive species.

Link to some examples:

https://www.fs.usda.gov/nac/documents/insideagroforestry/vol20issue2.pdf

I think a good start to develop a set of C&I for agroforestry systems is the set develop by ITTO for sustainable forest management in the tropics.

Best

C & I for forests/ plantations in open land are different from agroforests as in forests crops or agricultural landscape is not involved which is main focus in agroforestry. The more emphasis is on crop production and so sacrifice of cropland for agroforestry is cautiously weighed against other benefits of trees on farm.

One can use the methodological framework developed by IIFM for evolving C&I for SFM. we can modify accordingly and use for agroforestry. More over we can use filters to evolve the C&I for Agroforestry systems.

Small work has been carried out by Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra India on Development of C&I for Sustainable Management of Agroforestry