I'm trying to perform load flow analysis in IEEE 14 bus system using Siemens PSS software. there are altogether 5 generation buses so is there any specific criteria to select swing bus. when i simulated using different generator bus as swing bus i got different results.
The bus on which the generator has maximum active power generation capacity is advised to be chosen as the slack bus to get the best results since after all numerical methods are all approximate methods and the largest generator gives room for maximum absorption of errors.
As you are trying to find load flow analysis of a 14 bus system for a 5 generator bus system, so u have to maintain that generator bus as ref. bus which provides max. active power.This will be approximate ur calculation.
In 14 bus system among 5 buses, three are condensers and two are with active power generation, in that 1st bus is having max real power. So, you can select 1st as ref. bus for the better results.
Commonly, the busbar with the largest active power used as a slack bus,
As an ideal choice largest power station is chosen as slackbus or reference bus. This is to ensure the capability of reference generator to meet the system losses.
It is a normal practice to select the highest capacity generator as a slack bus so as to meet the required losses.
An alternative to all the above is to choose the PV generator with the highest connectivity. The highest capacity generator might be remote from the load busses, and so give higher losses. You could always play around with the dispatch to minimise losses, but as one respondent pointed out, it's an iterative solition of NLEs to converge - not all starting points converge equally well.
modfied slack bus may cause overpower in transmission line or transformer, so you can choise a bus connected to high line and transformer transmision capcity, however this is may increase the power losses
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