How to calculate fiber volume fraction of a composite considering the weight of the hardener? When we calculate fiber-volume fraction in case of laminated composites.
Can I have any journal about this question? Actually I also have the same question about the fiber volume fraction of reclaimed non-woven carbon fiber composites. But I do not get any clear answer about this topic.
The following articles briefly describes about how to determine the fiber volume as per ASTM standards
Sivaganesh Selvaraj and Mahendrakumar Madhavan. (2018)."Strengthening of Laterally Restrained Steel Beams Subjected to Flexural loading using Low modulus CFRP: Experimental Assessment,"Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities (ASCE) . DOI : 10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0001293.