2 pole alternator is at 3000 rpm at 50 hz frequency now the grid frequency changes to 50.5 hz that will accelerate the rotor. Rotor cannot be instantly raise to match the speed. So how much time it will take to achieve the speed set by grid frequency? During this transient what will be the effect in rotor angle? During this small time can we say that the alternator has lost its synchronism?
The time it takes for an alternator to respond to a change in grid frequency depends on a number of factors, including the size of the alternator, the type of control system used, and the load on the alternator. In general, larger alternators will have a longer response time than smaller alternators. This is because larger alternators have more inertia, which makes them more resistant to changes in speed.
The type of control system used can also affect the response time of an alternator. Older alternators used mechanical control systems, which were slow to respond to changes in frequency. Modern alternators use electronic control systems, which are much faster to respond.
The load on an alternator can also affect its response time. When an alternator is loaded, the rotor speed will decrease. This will cause the frequency of the output voltage to decrease. The amount of decrease will depend on the amount of load.
The effect of a change in grid frequency on the rotor angle of an alternator is also dependent on a number of factors. The most important factor is the type of control system used. Mechanical control systems are not able to compensate for changes in grid frequency. This means that the rotor angle will change in proportion to the change in grid frequency.
Electronic control systems are able to compensate for changes in grid frequency. This means that the rotor angle will not change in proportion to the change in grid frequency. The amount of compensation will depend on the design of the control system.
The typical response time for an alternator with a mechanical control system is 1-2 seconds. This means that it can take up to 2 seconds for the alternator to reach a new steasteady-stateput voltage after a change in grid frequency. The response time for an alternator with an electronic control system is much faster, typically 0.1-0.2 seconds. This means that the alternator can quickly adjust its output voltage to compensate for changes in grid frequency
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