The solar radiation received at the top of the atmosphere is the Total Solar Irradiance, which is 1361 W/m^2. This has been measured by a sequence of satellites since 1980.

Dr William Dean Pesnell thank you for your contribution to the discussion

At Earth's average distance from the Sun (about 150 million kilometers), the average intensity of solar energy reaching the top of the atmosphere directly facing the Sun is about 1,360 watts per square meter, according to measurements made by the most recent NASA satellite missions. About 23 percent of incoming solar energy is absorbed in the atmosphere by water vapor, dust, and ozone, and 48 percent passes through the atmosphere and is absorbed by the surface. Thus, about 71 percent of the total incoming solar energy is absorbed by the Earth system. Of the light that reaches Earth's surface, infrared radiation makes up 49.4% of while visible light provides 42.3%. Ultraviolet radiation makes up just over 8% of the total solar radiation. Each of these bands has a different impact on the environment. Clouds, aerosols, water vapor, and ozone directly absorb 23 percent of incoming solar energy. Evaporation and convection transfer 25 and 5 percent of incoming solar energy from the surface to the atmosphere. Absorption is the process by which "incident radiant energy is retained by a substance." In this case, the substance is the atmosphere. When the atmosphere absorbs energy, the result is an irreversible transformation of radiation into another form of energy.

One quibble with the previous answer is that the 1360 value at the top of the atmosphere corresponds to the measured amount on the surface of an object directly facing the sun. The actual incoming amount of solar radiation will be less than 1360 at higher altitudes. Accordingly, on average, the downward shortwave solar radiation at the earth's surface will be far less than 1360 watts per square meter, depending on altitude. Here is a link you can explore if you want to know more: https://ceres-tool.larc.nasa.gov/ord-tool/jsp/CAVE41Selection.jsp

Dr Kevin F. Forbes thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Thank you! I encourage you and others to download the radiation data from the NASA website, whose link I provided earlier. It reports on the incoming solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere and the earth's surface for a number of locations across the world.