Hi,
I got a question today for which I didn't find a definite answer. Maybe someone can point me to one (or more) references about it. I am looking for the time which it takes from the binding of a ligand to a receptor (for example a GPCR) until the translation of the protein starts. Or the time for each single process (start of signal transduction, start of transcription to processing, start of translation), so I can make an estimate of this process based on the single steps.
There is no simple answer to this question. Each receptor functions differently and under different regulation. Each gene is translated in different speeds. Each cell completes its processes at different times. Usually signal to ligand binding happens very fast, but the number of receptors on the cell surface and the amount of ligand determine the overall signal being transmitted.
For example, I have studied GPCR in primary human cells in reponse to paracrine factors secreted in the epidermis and in response to UV exposure. Within 30 mins of treatment with endothelin-1, the ET-1 has bound to ETBR and resulted in phosphorylation of MAP kinases JNK and p38, and this activation is enhanced when cells are UV-irradiated and then treated immediately following UV. I tried to do qRT-PCR on cells to see if there were relative changes in mRNA at 8 and 24h following UV and even in the positive control, there wasn't much change. This may be because the cells I use are slower and I would need to perform a time course to determine the increase in mRNA.
Hope this helps.
@Anne von Koschembar: I know that there is no definite answer to this question, there are simply to many states and possibilites in the regulation. I just wanted to have an estimation.
@Cornelius Krasel: Thanks, I will read the review.
Christian, it is probably fair to say that it is on the order of a few minutes, if not faster. I noted in another post that in my experience I can detect protein by WB as early as 15 minutes, which suggest that the whole process from ligand binding to protein production is within 15 minutes. However given the relatively low sensitivity of WB you can probably rest assured that the whole process happens in a time frame much less than 15 minutes.
Best.
https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_long_does_cellular_signalling_take_time_to_effect_on_mRNA_and_protein_production#54ff19aad039b1e27d8b456c
@Ricardo: Minutes is an estimation what I have come along as well. Some regulations are really fast. It needs probably more sensitive technologies, though. Thanks for the answer.
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