I found above interesting discussions about how oxygen vacancies affect the semicodnuctor energy band. I have another relavent question, but a new aspect for oxygen vacancy effect which directly affects oxygen ion transport in semiconductors with significant importance in energy applictaions.
My question is:
How is energy band changes affect ionic transport properties in semiconductors or band structure materials?
In recent years, based on ionic effects on electronic transport phenomena and new emerging electron and semiconductor devices, scientists have proposed “Ionotronics”, but the e-i ( electron-ion) coupled principle applied on ionic transport phenomena, i.e. electron effects on ionic transport in semiconductors or band structure materials has not been fully understood,which may lead to next generation energy conversion technologies and energy devices. Electrolyte (layer) free fuel cell is one of such examples for new energy devices.
· 1. Zhu, B., Raza, R., Abbas, G. and Singh, M., An Electrolyte-Free Fuel Cell Constructed from One Homogenous Layer with Mixed Conductivity, Adv. Funct. Mater. 21 (2011)2465-2469.
· This work is reviewed and highlighted in Nature Nanotechnol.:
· Nature Nanotechnology | Research Highlights: "Three in One", Nature Nanotechnology, Volume: 6, Page: 330 (2011). doi:10.1038/nnano.2011.89
· 2. Zhu, B., Raza, R., Qin, H., Liu, Q. and Fan, L., Fuel cells based on electrolyte and non-electrolyte separators, Energy Environ. Sci. 4 (2011) 2986-2992.
before giving you the answer you want, can you want answer to my question? what is the reason that makes so many genial minds incapable to give you realistic answers?
Dear Valeriano Bonuglia,
Thank you for question. The fuel cell has been invented since 1839, questions and challenges are too complex, no single person can have answer, me too. I am looking for various possibilities and answers from conventional ionic electrolyte, then hinted by others to look for semiconductors, I am also learning from all who are replying and questioning me. I do appreciate all responses, indeed, I am learning and thinking from these, I want to be open to share for further discussions. For research there is no end for thinking, ........
Sincerely,
Bin
Dear Bin, I know well the Ionotronics systems and I must say that the idea ion electron and valence band does not give satisfactory results. I must say that idea seems good but only within certain limits.
If instead you take this concept to extremes, then you enter a field of physics Q that goes beyond these weak concepts.
However we can talk about it.
Sincerely,
Valeriano
Dear Valeriano ,
Thank you! Yes, so far there has not been successful theory. But we are doing the research on the semiconductors or semiconductor-ionic heterostructure materials that are different from conventional ionic system, also show better ionic conductivity than that of the ionic alone. The efforts have to be made to explain the mechanism behind then trying to say some thoery. Two typical examples are from others:
i) SmNiO3, (1,2)
ii) YSZ-SrTiO3 (3, 4)
(1) Zhou Y, Guan X, Zhou H, Ramadoss K, Adam S, Liu H, Lee S, Shi J, Tsuchiya M, Fong D. D, Ramanathan, S, Strongly correlated perovskite fuel cells. Nature 534, 231 (2016)10.1038/nature17653
(2) Zhang Z., et al, Perovskite nickelates as electric-field sensors in salt water. Nature, (2017)10.1038/nature25008
(3) Garcia-Barriocanal J, Rivera-Calzada A, Varela M, Sefrioui Z, Iborra E, Leon C, Pennycook S. J, Santamaria J. Colossal ionic conductivity at interfaces of epitaxial ZrO2: Y2O3/SrTiO3 heterostructures. Science, 2008, 321, 676–680.
(4) Kilner J. A. Ionic conductors: Feel the strain, Nature materials, 2008, 7, 838–839.
Dear Bin,
My ID Skype is valeriano.bonuglia
Writing to me when you want.
Thanks
Valeriano
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