I would like to know how physicists control for the trajectory of an electron (or other particles). For example in the Cern collider, how do they make sure that two particle would actually hit each other?
Is there any feedback control involved there?
I guess that they use magnetic fields as the actuators. Do they have several controllable magnets along the tube? How to they switch form using one to another maintaining a smooth trajectory for the particle?
Can some one direct me toward related publications?
Best,
Mahdi
Consult the following book:
H Wiedemann, Particle Accelerator Physics, 4th edition (Springer, Heidelberg, 2015).
http://www.springer.com/gb/book/9783319183169
Thanks Behnam. I will look at it, but do you have a quick answer for my question?
You are welcome Mahdi.
I do have a quick answer, however pedagogically it is only right that you take the trouble and read the book.
Talk to a high-energy physics experimentalist. They have hands-on exposure. Our knowledge is bookish, hence theoretical.
Dear Akak,
Actually, I am only interested in the theory of it and basically the motion planning of the particle. I would like to know if there is a feedback design involved that control the trajectory of the particle over the desired one.
Still talk to a high-energy physics experimentalist. They are the best source.
Dear Mahdi,
The idea is very simple. The magnetic field acting on a beam of charged electric particles produces a curvature on their trajectories depending of their velocities in such a form that at higher fields and velocities they have more force (Lorentz force). This is the main target for the controlled scattering between them. The first name was a synchrotron with constant magnetic fields, but nowadays the magnetic fields are controlled in such a form that you can get one enhacement of its value respect to the trajectories. An introductory reading could be
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchrotron
Thanks Daniel. Your answer was very helpful.
Is there any resource out there on the control aspect of this technology?
Dear Mahdi,
A quite old paper, but very interesting for showing the technical basics of a synchrotron is
PhysRev.88.1190 (1952)
And for a deeper understanding of the magnetic configurations, sychrotron radiation and confinament of the particles you can follow
https://books.google.es/books?id=ldBgDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA205&lpg=PA205&dq=synchrotron+technology&source=bl&ots=uRccelhlPW&sig=mppuChISAb1cXx7SLQ78weZM5nE&hl=es&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi3wcmh-8DWAhUMthoKHY88CDg4FBDoAQglMAA#v=onepage&q=synchrotron%20technology&f=false
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