How is agriculture diversity different from agro biodiversity and what are the threats to biodiversity and conservation of biodiversity?
threats to the biodiversity are loss of forest cover, costal wetlands, other wild uncultivated areas and the destruction of the aquatic environment and agro-biodiversity may include all the genetic materials included in the agriculture system. it may include different crops plants other than crops weeds insects pests micro-organism algae fungi birds and all.
Agro-biodiversity it refers to the agriculture biodiversity. Agro-biodiversity may include all the genetic materials included in the agriculture system. It may include different crops, plants other than crops, weeds, insects, pests, microorganisms, algae, fungi, birds etc. Biodiversity is usually explored at three levels - genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity. These three levels work together to create the complexity of life on Earth. Agriculture Diversification refers to either a change in cropping pattern or the farmers opting for other non-farming options like poultry farming, animal husbandry, etc. This practice allows farmers to expand the production, which helps generate a higher level of income. India is rich in agrobiodiversity and the conservation of plant and animal genetic resources plays a crucial role in providing food, nutritional and livelihood security for human well-being. For this, biodiversity provides genetic materials for crop cultivation, breeding and varietal improvement of traits. Major direct threats to biodiversity include habitat loss and fragmentation, unsustainable resource use, invasive species, pollution, and global climate change. The underlying causes of biodiversity loss, such as a growing human population and overconsumption are often complex and stem from many interrelated factors. Loss of forest cover, coastal wetlands, other 'wild' uncultivated areas, and the destruction of the aquatic environment exacerbate the genetic erosion of agrobiodiversity. Fallow fields and wildlands can support large numbers of species useful to farmers. Conservation of biological diversity leads to conservation of essential ecological diversity to preserve the continuity of food chains. The genetic diversity of plants and animals is preserved. It ensures the sustainable utilization of life support systems on earth. The five main threats to biodiversity are habitat loss, pollution, overexploitation, invasive species, and climate change. Increased mobility and trade has resulted in the introduction of invasive species while the other threats are direct results of human population growth and resource use. This is in-situ conservation and the natural processes and interaction are conserved as well as the elements of biodiversity. Ex-situ: The conservation of elements of biodiversity out of the context of their natural habitats is referred to as ex-situ conservation.Biodiversity has a number of functions on the Earth. These are as follows: Maintaining the balance of the ecosystem: Recycling and storage of nutrients, combating pollution, stabilizing climate, protecting water resources, forming and protecting soil and maintaining eco-balance.
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