Sustainability starts with understanding the causes and factors that are important to design, operate and operate in a sustainable manner: so, at root is the climate change prediction and analysis. Beyond this, to initiate design to perform better in new climatic conditions, new process formulation and analysis are required. This continues when cost of maintenance and operation and the waste may be reduced through innovative data collection, monitoring and decision-making. Mathematics is the core required science for being able to achieve all that with good understanding of the physical process.

The sustainability comes from teaching for connections rather than isolated facts, teaching for agency rather than dependence, and teaching for adaptation rather than static recall. This ensures students can build on their mathematical knowledge years after formal instruction ends.