How does latitude affect India’s climate and why does latitude affect climate what is difference in climates at low latitudes compared to high latitudes?
Half of the country lies to the South of Tropic of Cancer and it belongs to the tropical area. All the remaining area lies to the North of the tropics. Latitude of the country decides the incidence of sun rays on that particular part. Latitude doesn't affects India`s climate. One of the major controls of India's climate is its latitude since the Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of the country. That means, from the Rann of Kuchchh in the west to Mizoram in the east. However, almost half of the country, lying south of the Tropic of Cancer, belongs to the tropical area. Because the angle of radiation varies depending on the latitude, surface temperatures on average are warmer at lower latitudes and cooler at higher latitudes. The heat of the sun is more in low latitudes in the high latitudes. The sun's rays fall perpendicularly over the equatorial region throughout the year while they fall in inclined direction over the polar areas. As a result, the equatorial region is much warmer than the polar region. At higher latitudes, the Sun's rays are less direct. The farther an area is from the equator, the lower its temperature. At the poles, the Sun's rays are least direct. Much of the area is covered with ice and snow, which reflect a lot of sunlight.
There is a relationship between latitude and temperature around the world, as temperatures are typically warmer approaching the Equator and cooler approaching the Poles. There are variations, though, as other factors such as elevation, ocean currents, and precipitation affect climate patterns.In general, the farther from the equator an area is, the colder and snowier it will be. This is because higher-latitude regions receive less light and energy from the Sun than low-latitude, tropical areas. The sun's rays hit at a flatter angle at higher latitudes, so the solar energy is spread over a wider area. Thus, the atmosphere is cooler on heights like in the mountains than in plain areas. At higher latitudes, the Sun's rays are less direct. The farther an area is from the equator, the lower its temperature. At the poles, the Sun's rays are least direct. Much of the area is covered with ice and snow, which reflect a lot of sunlight. In summer, the altitude influences the temperature variations more significantly with a July lapse rate of -4.3°C /km and the effect of latitude is only −0.28°C /olatitude. In winter, the reverse happens. The temperature decrease is mainly due to the increase in latitude. India's climate relies upon its latitudinal degree. Tropic of Cancer isolates the country into two half. One is the tropical climate which lies south of the Tropic of cancer and another are the Subtropical climate which lies North of the Tropic of cancer.The latitude is an angular measurement, hence given is degrees; together with longitude it is used to give exact coordinates of the position of a location. The altitude is the height to a point in the atmosphere, therefore, measured in units of length, such as meters. High latitudes are characterized by strong variation in day-length during different seasons of the year. North of the Arctic Circle there is sun 24 hours of the day near the Summer Solstice, but no sun at all six months earlier or later. Climate of a region depends on the latitude where it lies equator gets most direct sun rays hence the region falling in this latitude has extreme hot climate the latitude above equator and below equator has less direct and poles receive no or slanting rays.
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