As the earth is round, sunlight does not reach everywhere equally. The temperature decreases as we move from the equator to the poles. Altitude: As we move from the surface of the earth to the higher altitudes, the temperature decreases. Climate of a region depends on the latitude where it lies equator gets most direct sun rays hence the region falling in this latitude has extreme hot climate. The latitude above equator and below equator has less direct and poles receive no or slanting rays.There is a relationship between latitude and temperature around the world, as temperatures are typically warmer approaching the Equator and cooler approaching the Poles. There are variations, though, as other factors such as elevation, ocean currents, and precipitation affect climate patterns. In summer, the altitude influences the temperature variations more significantly with a July lapse rate of -4.3°C /km and the effect of latitude is only −0.28°C /olatitude. In winter, the reverse happens. The temperature decrease is mainly due to the increase in latitude. One of the key differences between weather and climate is that weather is a short-term phenomenon, while climate is a long-term phenomenon. Weather can change from minute to minute, while climate can change over the course of many years.During cold weather season the sun rays do not fall directly in the region. As a result the temperatures are quite low in northern India. In hot weather season the sun rays fall directly in the region. Hence, temperature becomes very high. As the Earth moves, the angle at which sunlight strikes different places on the Earth at the same time of day changes because the Earth is tilted. When a particular location is tilted towards the Sun, warmer temperatures occur when the same place is tilted away from the Sun, colder temperature occurs. The latitude and altitude of each location affect the pressure and wind system there. As a result, it affects the temperature appropriately. Proximity to the sea: Due to the distance from the sea, coastal areas are cooler than inland areas.

There is a relationship between latitude and temperature around the world, as temperatures are typically warmer approaching the Equator and cooler approaching the Poles. There are variations, though, as other factors such as elevation, ocean currents, and precipitation affect climate patterns. The heat of the sun is more in low latitudes in the high latitudes. The sun's rays fall perpendicularly over the equatorial region throughout the year while they fall in inclined direction over the polar areas. As a result, the equatorial region is much warmer than the polar region. One of the major controls of India's climate is its latitude since the Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of the country. That means, from the Rann of Kuchchh in the west to Mizoram in the east. However, almost half of the country, lying south of the Tropic of Cancer, belongs to the tropical area. The temperature variations not only depend on altitude but also latitude, and there is a gradual decrease in temperature with the increasing altitude and latitude. The overall trend for the vertical temperature lapse rate for the whole plateau is approximately linear. The latitude and altitude affect the pressure and wind system. It causes changes in rainfall pattern and temperature. The regions that are far from the sea experience extreme weather conditions. There is a very high temperature in summers and very low in winters. Latitude is the most important climatic control, due to the effect is has on the amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. The seasonal changes in incoming solar radiation, as well as the length of the day, vary with latitude. The season is determined by the changes in weather during a specific time of the year. Contrastingly, the climate is the behavior of the atmosphere over a longer timeline. Thus, the prime difference between season and climate is also the measure of duration. Climate is statistical weather data that gives information about the average weather condition of a specific place over a long period and weather is a short period atmospheric condition which may fluctuate by time-to-time.