The HSW used in this work is shown in Fig. 2. The wire is made by twisting together nineteen single high strength steel filaments. The nominal diameter and net cross-sectional area of the HSW are 3.0 mm and 5.37 mm2 , respectively. How this value 5.37 has been calculated as the cross-sectional area of the HSW?
You have not cited the work nor included the figure, so it is difficult to comment. I’m just guessing, but perhaps they are considering the twist. A cross section of the cable cut perpendicular to the axis of the cable would not slice each wire perpendicular to its own axis. Rather each wire is cross sectioned at an angle determined by the amount of twist. Each cross section would not be a circle, but rather an ellipse. The area of the ellipse would be larger than the area of the circle by 1/cos(theta) where theta is the angle away from a perpendicular cut.
Anyhow, without further context, that’s my guess as to what might be going on.
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