Can I get some suggestion about how to convert a sinusoidal signal having amplitude of 10 microvolt or less which I would be receiving from an antenna to 10 millivolt?
A typical antenna will have an impedance of 75 ohms (or perhaps 50). If you use a transformer with a 1000:1 turns ratio, you will increase the voltage from 10uV to 10mV but since the power is the same, the current must also go down by that factor. That means the source impedance as seen through the transformer will be 75*1000^2 or 75Mohms. That is so high compared to track capacitance on a PCB that you will get no signal at all. Normally you design your PCB tracks for constant impedance to prevent reflections and that will be very important at 2.4GHz due to the short wavelength so you have no choice but to use an LNA as has been said.
In real systems there will be an amplifier right after the antenna to accomplish this requirement. In simulations, you can just change the units of your variables or scale them as needed.
I am trying to find out a way in which we can transform a small voltage input to an output of higher voltage without the use of amplifiers. I have heard about impedance transformation. Since power at the output of the antenna is fixed, drawing less current would allow us to provide more voltage. Request you all to give me some suggestion.
It depends on you antenna impedance and your load impedance. For example, if your antenna is 10 ohms, and you load it with high impedance of infinite ohms, and measure 10 microvolts, then there is no way you can get 10 millivolts just by impedance transformation. If you are in matched condition, ie antenna impedance is 10 ohms, and load is 10 ohms, still you will get less than 10 microvolts, but you will get maximum power transfer to the load. The only way to get to 10 millivolts is through some gain device, eg LNA.
The ohm law explains relationship between voltage and current, which is available, it does not amplify. Moreover, even phenomena with change of impedance, voltage/current increase/decrease is one increase other decrease but power does not increase. To increase the power one need to amplify
A very tiny transformer? What frequency are you working at, and how much SNR loss can you tolerate? There's a reason the first component in the AFE is an LNA.
I would like to convert the voltage at 2.4GHz. As far as I know, in order to keep the power constant if we reduce the current drawn, we would have a higher volage as Power = Voltage * Current.
Power = Voltage * Current, formula decides ideally maximum possible voltage/current. In a matched condition, V = sqrt(P/R) will be the maximum open circuit voltage. In case of loss less line 100% reflection, if incident and reflected wave meets at a point where you can have maximum doubling of voltage.
You have to use a Low Noise Amplifier. Before that you have to see what is the frequeny of the signal you are recieving from antenna. Depending on this you can decide on amplifier specs.
A typical antenna will have an impedance of 75 ohms (or perhaps 50). If you use a transformer with a 1000:1 turns ratio, you will increase the voltage from 10uV to 10mV but since the power is the same, the current must also go down by that factor. That means the source impedance as seen through the transformer will be 75*1000^2 or 75Mohms. That is so high compared to track capacitance on a PCB that you will get no signal at all. Normally you design your PCB tracks for constant impedance to prevent reflections and that will be very important at 2.4GHz due to the short wavelength so you have no choice but to use an LNA as has been said.