For your information, you can calculate the fractional porosity in your sample was determined by Maxwell relation. But if you have a bulk density of your coating layer, can calculate your fractional porosity by using XRD diffraction analysis. Let me give you some information about this method as follows: The bulk density of the sintered products was measured by the Archimedes displacement method. The theoretical density of the materials was calculated according to the rule of phase mixtures. Crystalline phases of the layer coating and theoretical density were identified by XRD analysis. After that you can calculate the fractional porosity by Maxwell relation when you have bulk density and theortical density from XRD analysis. I suggest, if you have the ability to form bulk sample of the same material that is used in coating, or if you have any calculation of the bulk density, then you can use this method.
For more information you can read my article as follows
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As suggested by others, Small Angle xray spectroscopy (SAXS) is one of the extended technique of XRD use to find nano-particle size and porosity of powder and thin film preferably in transmission mode and sometimes in reflected mode. The data are recorded in the angle range of 1-10 degree and then software is used for fitting and calculate the porosity/nano particle size.