European Union is a very good example to look at. After the year 2022 and the excessive decrease in availability of natural resources the demand/supply created a spike in prices. Ultimately it lead to energy companies having enormous turnover.

Governments usually respond with increasing taxes or creating new ones. However, the taxes are of temporary character.

Naturally price volatility of the resources the companies are working with is a big factor in the price process. With this in mind we not need to only focus on internal policies, but external as well (i.e. the export tax, maritime trade tax,...) but also the import tax.

Regulations are in many cases consulted with the big energy companies prior to their installment.

Lastly, it must be kept in mind that as the basic principle of economics, a healthy company tries to make as big profit as possible. With this in mind companies usually hand over the regulation results to their consumers (increasing final prices).

In conclusion, we need to look at regulations of internal but also external character, further a question of different source should be imposed. How are the regulations helping the final consumers of the services?

And yes, we may also look at the renewable energy, the market usually responds well to having a stand in the renewable sector.