We can reduce poverty by influencing the variables of economic policies, and the most important variable is reducing the unemployment rate by providing job opportunities, especially in small projects. The second issue is the redistribution of income through the effective use of direct and indirect taxes. Third, the generation of a competitive economy that has the ability To attract surplus labor, Fourth, to support the poor through government support transfers.

Dr Ahmed Fathi Abdul Majeed thank you for your contribution to the discussion

To reduce poverty and hunger in India is really a complex and multi-faceted challenge but there are various measures that can be taken to address these issues:

1. Enhancing agricultural productivity: the government need to invest in modern farming techniques, irrigation infrastructure, and providing local farmers with access to credit, seeds, fertilizers, and technology that will improve agricultural productivity and increase food production.

2. Promoting rural development: Focusing on rural infrastructure development, such as roads, electricity, healthcare facilities, and access to clean water, can improve the living conditions of rural communities and create employment opportunities.

3. Providing social safety nets: Implementing targeted welfare programs, such as food subsidies and employment guarantee scheme, and access to basic necessity.

4. Improving access to education and skills training: Investing in education and vocational training programs can empower individuals to acquire relevant skills and increase their employability, thereby breaking the cycle of poverty and hunger.

However, it is important to acknowledge that the scale of poverty and hunger in India requires continued efforts, investments, and collaborations across sectors to achieve substantial progress.

Dr Jamaica Tamarakuro Godspower thank you for your contribution to the discussion

To end poverty, it is essential to have access to basic amenities, especially in rural areas. Poor people will be able to work productively and emerge from poverty if they have access to food, shelter, and potable water. India's poverty can be decreased with a few effective programs, in which the government should focus on developing the rural areas by providing primary education, implementing population control policies, creating jobs, and providing basic necessities at subsidized rates. Poverty can be controlled by improving the food security system for them and allowing them access to education so that they can understand their fundamental rights. Many campaigns should be put into action to spread awareness about poverty and measures to be taken to reduce it. Increasing empowerment of women and the economically weaker sections of society and fostering the economic growth. (iii) Increasing the stress on universal free elementary education and caste and gender discrimination to be avoided. There are five hunger-fighting initiatives taken by the government including National Nutrition Mission (NNM), National Food Security Mission, Zero Hunger Programme, Eat Right India Movement and efforts towards Food Fortification. To achieve this goal India requires a holistic approach ensuring accessible and nutritious food to reduce hunger and malnutrition with the proper investment in agriculture, changes in production and consumption pattern and effective implementation of safety net programmes by the Government at macro and micro Level in country.

Reducing poverty and hunger in India is a complex and multifaceted challenge that requires a combination of strategies and government interventions. Here are some key approaches and measures that can help address these issues:

1. Economic Growth and Job Creation:

• Promote sustained economic growth through policies that encourage investment, entrepreneurship, and the development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
• Create jobs through targeted programs and investments in labor-intensive industries, agriculture, and rural development.

2. Agricultural Development:

• Invest in agricultural research, technology, and infrastructure to increase agricultural productivity.
• Support small-scale farmers through access to credit, modern farming practices, and crop diversification.
• Develop irrigation systems to improve crop yields and reduce dependence on rain-fed agriculture.

3. Food Security Programs:

• Implement and expand food security programs like the Public Distribution System (PDS) to ensure access to affordable food for vulnerable populations.
• Promote the National Food Security Act to provide subsidized food grains to eligible households.

4. Social Safety Nets:

• Establish and strengthen social safety nets, such as cash transfer programs and employment guarantee schemes (e.g., MGNREGA), to provide income support and employment opportunities to the poor and marginalized.

5. Education and Skill Development:

• Improve access to quality education, especially for girls and marginalized communities, to break the cycle of poverty.
• Invest in skill development and vocational training programs to enhance employability.

6. Healthcare Access:

• Strengthen healthcare infrastructure and expand access to affordable healthcare services to reduce health-related vulnerabilities.
• Implement health insurance and financial protection schemes for vulnerable populations.

7. Infrastructure Development:

• Invest in rural infrastructure, including roads, electricity, and sanitation facilities, to enhance economic opportunities in rural areas.

8. Women's Empowerment:

• Promote women's empowerment through education, economic opportunities, and awareness programs.
• Encourage female participation in decision-making processes.

9. Targeted Programs: Implement targeted poverty alleviation programs that focus on the specific needs of different groups, such as Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and other marginalized communities.

10. Nutrition Programs:- Enhance nutrition programs that address malnutrition, especially among children and pregnant women. - Promote breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices.

11. Monitoring and Evaluation:- Establish robust monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to track the effectiveness of poverty reduction and hunger alleviation programs. - Use data to make evidence-based policy decisions and target resources efficiently.

12. Public Awareness and Advocacy:- Raise public awareness about the issues of poverty and hunger and engage civil society, NGOs, and communities in advocacy efforts.

The Indian government has implemented various initiatives and programs to address poverty and hunger, including the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (housing for all), the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (financial inclusion), and the National Food Security Act, among others. These programs aim to provide employment, housing, financial services, and food security to vulnerable populations.

However, the challenges remain significant due to India's large population and diverse socio-economic conditions. Continuous efforts, effective implementation, and inclusive policies are essential to make progress in reducing poverty and hunger in India.

Dr Sobur setiaman thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Hunger and malnutrition mean less productive individuals, who are more prone to disease and thus often unable to earn more and improve their livelihoods. There are nearly 800 million people who suffer from hunger worldwide, the vast major- ity in developing countries. Under-nutrition in India is the result of widespread poverty, rapid population growth, pockets of weak governance, poor health systems, and unreliable national indicators. Better nourishment may also reduce the likelihood of conflict. Lifting people out of hunger, the most extreme form of poverty and deprivation, makes it less likely that they will be easy prey for those who seek to promote their own self-interest through conflict and civil strife. India ranks 97th in the fight against hunger according to the International Food Policy Research Institute. Many people in India, particularly women and children, do not have enough food to eat. Over 194 million people, or 14.5 percent, of India's 1.3 billion inhabitants are malnourished. There are five hunger-fighting initiatives taken by the government including National Nutrition Mission (NNM), National Food Security Mission, Zero Hunger Programme, Eat Right India Movement and efforts towards Food Fortification. Over the last two decades, the Indian government has developed the Public Distribution System (PDS) – which relies on the world's largest biometric system, Aadhaar – to try to alleviate hunger by distributing staple foods at low cost to those in most need.