steel spiral being used in concrete columns.
This depends on the element type that you use to model the concrete and how you model the main reinforcement.
Thanks @Mohannad Husain Al-Sherrawi
I`m modelling the concrete as C3D8R elements and main reinforcement as 3-D truss elements with reduced integration (T3D2R). Then what type of element should I use for 3D steel spirals in columns?
This depends on the model itself. You can model the spiral reinforcement similar like main reinforcement (T3D2) or as a beam element (B31)
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