There are various health effects that are brought about by treatment of domestic and drinking water using chlorination. These are caused by the byproducts of chlorination and the excess chlorine added to the water. they may include itching of the body, various diseases, even cancer. How can water chlorination be promoted to prevent these effects?
Chlorine reacts with natural organic matter and halides to form a variety of disinfection by-products (DBPs).
A common mitigation strategy is to optimize the removal of precursors throughout the water treatment process before the point of chlorination (thereby reducing the amount of DBPs that can form during chlorination). As natural organic matter (NOM) is the major precursor for the generation of organic DBPs during chlorination, NOM removal should be optimized.
DBPs can also be removed after formation, using activated carbon adsorption after pre- or intermediate chlorination in drinking water treatment plants.
https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/drinking/public/water_disinfection.html
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282180131_Water_chlorination_and_its_relevance_to_human_health
Chlorination is already evident by research is to generate DBPs. Almost a decade ago, it is investigated also that UV (ultravoilet radiation) is not efficient in degrading these DBPS. Integration of subsequent chlorination with other treatment method is needed to be explored.
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