Data transmission layer uses application layer to control the medium access of sensor and actor nodes in the case of smart grid.
The last decade has seen many advances in priority-aware congestion control scheme to support bursts of data. I am sure, you would have seen some of those developments . The following papers provide a glimpse of such developments.
i) A Comparative Analysis of Reliable and Congestion-Aware Transport Layer Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks by Bhisham Sharma and Trilok C. Aseri in ISRN Sensor Networks, Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 104057, 14 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/104057
ii) Congestion in Wireless Sensor Networks and Various Techniques for Mitigating
Congestion - A Review by V. Vijayaraja, and R. Rani Hemamalini in
IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing
Research, 2010
ii) A SIMPLE PRIORITY-BASED SCHEME FOR DELAY-SENSITIVE DATA
TRANSMISSION OVER WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS by Farshad Safaei, Hamed Mahzoon, Mohammad Sadegh Taleb in International Journal of Wireless & Mobile Networks
(IJWMN) Vol. 4, No. 1, February 2012
There are many more
Priority can be also defined at L2 of OSI model. ETH generally allows to define 8 levels of priority, 7th and 6th are defined for organizational purposes, 5th should mean 50 microsec of delay, 4th should mean150 microsec of delay down to the Best Effort.
It seems to me that continuity of traffic is monitored already on TCP level by predefined window, which size can be from 0 to eight packets. It was transferred there from former windows at L3 and L2 levels of ITU-T X.25 Rec. most probably because of increased reliability of networks in comparison with previous telephony based analogue networks.
We tried to analyze similar problem in LinkedIn with regard to GPON networks, but general agreement was that it was above possibilities of human being, i.e. traffic simulation SW is needed.
One OLT - up to over 8000 ONUs, up to 4 ETH connections and up to 40 WIFI connections per ONU and 65000 defined TCP ports per single device.
The first level of congestion can be ONU, from those industrial products which I had asessed, at least one had interfaces for 700 Mbps (4 x 100 Mbps ETH and 300 Mbps WIFI) real throughput was about 385 Mbps.
The second level of congestion can be OLT, because although CPU's throughput in in the range of Tbps, limiting factor seems to be number and capacity of backhaul ports.
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