Hello, If you want to differentiate lactobacillus and bifidobacteria, it is bit tricky but possible in lab. On basis of staining it is bit difficult but still lactobacillus will appear as Gram positive slender rods (big rods) mainly in chains or pairs. While bifidobacteria are pleomorphic in nature- so some may appear as coccoid or curved shaped within clusters or L-Y type arrangements.
Both are catalase negative. But sugar fermentation pattern can help you. Even analysis of metabolic end products can help to differentiate both as Lactobacillus , up to 90% lactic acid while bifidobactreia mainly produces acetic acid, so smell/ flavour gives indication in 10% skim milk after growth.
For major difference through biochemical tests, please refer Bergeys manual.
Even growth media are different for both, MRS agar is selective for lactobacillus only. And even oxygen requirement for growth is also very different in both, most of bifidobacteria are strictly anaerobic in nature, while lactobacilus are aerotolerant, facultative in nature.