On the surface, it appears to me that any scientific innovation is at least at one of the two highest levels of the taxonomy, that is, synthesis or evaluation. If the question is more related to preparing students to accomplish innovations, then students much be prepared to operate at the upper levels of the taxonomy.
I agreed with your explanation with Bloom taxonomy - cognitive process terms, So higher order thinking stages (evaluate, create) will helpful to innovative wonders.
Can we get the past thought process of scientific people, if we go by revised order of Bloom taxonomy (top to bottom)? By doing so, we can understand their lower order of thinking (remember, understand), which will enrich the pathway of innovation as well as the initial needs of process.