How and why is climate changing ?

Dear Colleagues and Friends from RG,

Research conducted by climatologists shows that in recent years the number of cases of weather anomalies and climate disasters caused by climate change related to the increasingly faster global warming process has been increasing rapidly. The increasingly faster global warming process is the result of an increase in greenhouse gas emissions emitted by the industry and the energy sector producing electricity and heat based on the burning of minerals. In addition, the increase in greenhouse gas emissions is due to the development of the automotive industry also powered by burning minerals. Greenhouse gases are also emitted by agriculture, mainly livestock farming with traditional production technologies without complying with organic farming principles. In addition, the burning of rubbish, including plastics, causes the emission of greenhouse gases and toxic to humans and other forms of chemical life. Due to the warming climate of the Earth, the consumption of electricity is growing, because the houses are installed ever larger refrigerators, refrigerators, air conditioners and more electronic devices enabling access to the Internet. The increase in demand for electricity causes a rapid increase in generation capacity in traditional power plants generating this energy based on traditional energy, consisting in burning increasingly larger amounts of hard coal, lignite, mazout from crude oil and other minerals.

Recently, another very disturbing effect has appeared confirming the progressing climate change consisting in the warming of the average atmosphere temperature of the planet Earth. A few days ago (February 2020) the world was spreading the news that for the first time in Antarctica the temperature exceeded 20 degrees C. In addition, in the last 50 years the average temperature in Antarctica increased by 3 degrees C. This is further confirmed by climatological studies evidence of an accelerating global warming process and therefore the increasing risks associated with climate change, the increasing risk of climate disasters, etc.

The results of many climatological studies confirm that the very negative effect of the progressing global warming process are more and more frequently occurring weather anomalies and climate disasters, above all the more frequent drought causing forest fires. Growing forest fires are increasingly causing natural degradation. For example, in the middle of 2019, there were forest fires of the Siberian Tundra at the Arctic Circle, fires of large areas of the Amazon rainforest, forest fires in Australia, in many places in Europe and in many other places of other continents. This is another very negative effect of the more and more frequent drought and other weather anomalies being a derivative of the global warming process. Droughts and fires very quickly cause impoverishment of biodiversity, soil sterility, degradation of natural environments, decline in the number of living organisms, extinction of many species of flora and fauna and other negative processes.

These fires, especially the Amazon rainforest fires in Brazil are very negative for the Earth's ecosystem due to climate change. The Amazon rainforests produce as much as 20 percent of the Earth's atmosphere. oxygen. In mid-2019, the largest fires of the Amazon rain forest occurred. During these fires, part of the Amazon rainforest 1.5 square meter area burned every minute. the government in Brazil has announced that it does not have the resources to counteract this problem. It does not have enough firefighters and firefighting equipment to even try to put out the fire. This is a problem not only for Brazil but for the whole world. This is a global problem. The problem of the burning enormous rainforests of the Amazon rainforest should be urgently convened as a special UN conference, including the participation of many other international ecological organizations, governments of many countries, internationally operating financial institutions and industrial corporations capable of providing assistance and organizing measures and necessary actions to put out the fire as soon as possible. The Amazon rainforest fire is already a serious SOS signal for the Earth, for humanity, for the lives of many species of flora and fauna that the critical point caused by the global warming process has clearly been exceeded.

Therefore, quick actions are necessary to extinguish this fire and implementation in Brazil and other countries of the programs of system implementation of sustainable pro-ecological development in accordance with the green economy philosophy. It is not easy in the situation of a developing country, a country that is just developing its industry and technology to achieve a level of economic development similar to the level of income, equipment with technologies, etc. in highly developed countries. Therefore, systematic international assistance is needed for Brazil and other developing countries, which lack funds for implementing ecological innovations and implementing ecological reforms, among others in the field of development of renewable energy sources and limiting the plundering economy of obtaining wood from the Amazon rainforest. The Amazon rainforest fires are a serious SOS signal sent by nature towards humanity. There is less and less time for the implementation of necessary pro-ecological activities with each subsequent year. These are no longer paraphylosophical deliberations as was thought in public opinion at the end of the 20th century. The progressing global warming process is a fact. It is also a fact that it is primarily man who is responsible for these adverse climate changes on Earth.

Huge forest areas in Australia also burned from October 2019 to February 2020. About one billion animals died in these Australian forest fires. This is another very negative effect of the more and more frequent drought and other weather anomalies being a derivative of the global warming process. Droughts and fires very quickly cause impoverishment of biodiversity, soil sterility, degradation of natural environments, decline in the number of living organisms, extinction of many species of flora and fauna and other negative processes.

In the context of climate change analysis, it is worth considering the impact of climate change on specific types of living organisms, flora and fauna, e.g. insects. The impact of climate change on insects is definitely very negative. An increase in temperature will drain the green areas where the insects feed. The progressing global warming process will increase fires in areas where various forms of flora and fauna occur, including foraging for insects. These changes will also negatively affect pollinating insects, which over the next several decades will cause a drastic decrease in the number of these insects and this may also mean a drastic decrease in the production of fruit, cereals and some vegetables. Therefore, there may be problems with feeding people and farm animals. The global warming process, which has been progressing ever since the late 19th century, is a derivative of the civilization increase in greenhouse gas emissions. Insects are one of the key types of fauna that have arisen as a result of hundreds of millions of years of evolution of these life forms. The climate changes of the planet Earth, which are the result of the development of human civilization, have only lasted since the end of the industrial revolution of the nineteenth century. In the context of the evolution of life forms on Earth, human-induced imbalances in nature are a process that has been underway for a short time. Insects have been on Earth for hundreds of millions of years and now many of their species may become extinct due to human activity, which is practically a short moment in the history of the development of life forms on Earth.

Climatologists estimate that the necessary ecological reforms in global terms should be carried out within the next dozen or so years at the latest for effective slowdown of the global warming process to be effective. If this plan is not implemented, then by the end of the 21st century the average temperature at the Earth's surface will increase by another min. 3-4 degrees, which will result in an increase in climate disasters. Earlier there will be a complete melting of glaciers, the release of methane from the thawing Siberian tundra and other polar regions, an increase in drought, fires and volcanic eruptions. This will cause a chain reaction of climate disasters that are derived from the global warming of the Earth's climate and at the same time the same processes will be the source of further greenhouse gas emissions and an increase in the average temperature at the Earth's surface. If the climate change process enters the aforementioned chain reaction of climate disasters related to the global warming process, then it will not be possible to stop and significantly slow down these negative processes on Earth's life. However, there are still a few, max. several years to implement environmentally friendly reforms globally, implement sustainable economic development in economic processes carried out in accordance with the green economy philosophy. Therefore, the current question is: Will humanity use this remaining time to implement this plan. It is the greatest global civilization challenge for humanity in the 21st century.

If climate change continues to progress faster, in the 21st century, most living organisms will live, most species of flora and fauna will no longer exist on planet Earth. In the worst-case forecasted climate change scenarios, it is suggested that only bacteria that develop at high temperatures will win over climate change. Many species of flora and fauna will become extinct in the next few decades due to the global warming process, which is progressing faster and faster. Climate change caused by this process, including droughts more and more often, is a source of more and more frequent fires. Recently, fires have also occurred in the areas of Tundra in the geographical zone at the Arctic Circle, i.e. where these fires had not previously been. Tornadoes appear more and more often. Glaciers are melting. Lakes in some temperate zones are also drying up.

In connection with the development of civilization, the development of industry that consumes large amounts of water, and also in connection with the progressive warming of the Earth's climate, the accelerating process of global warming, increasingly frequent cataclysms and climate anomalies, such as the increasing frequency of drought, the resources of available clean water are decreasing. As part of protecting natural resources, techniques for effective, economical management of water resources should be improved. The industry should be developing technology for purifying and reusing water. In addition, water purification and reuse techniques in households and agriculture should be improved. As part of environmental purification, sewage treatment plants should be built in each city so as to reduce the discharge of sewage containing toxins harmful to living organisms, to reduce the flow of sewage to rivers, lakes, seas and oceans, which are increasingly polluted.

Climate change, consisting in warming up the average atmosphere temperature of the planet Earth, i.e. the ongoing global warming process causes drying of many areas of the tropical and subtropical zone, and therefore fresh water resources are falling. This will probably be one of the most serious consequences and problems of the global warming process that is moving faster and faster. The issue of falling fresh water resources is one of the most serious problems and challenges for humanity in the 21st century. It is also a problem for biological ecosystems that are draining and therefore biodiversity, including flora and fauna biodiversity on Earth is also decreasing. Climate change, mainly in terms of the global warming of the Earth's climate will cause in many places stepping of existing forest areas. There will be droughts in areas where these negative weather anomalies have not occurred. these processes will reduce the amount of water both on the Earth's surface and in the subcutaneous layers of soil. Also, underground watercourses located in shallower underground layers may dry out in a period of several years in the area covered by long-lasting drought. This type of negative process of warming and dehumidifying the climate in a given area may lead to desertification of areas where vegetation previously occurred. In addition, these considerations should also take into account the impact of agriculture on the condition of rivers, including the quality and purity of water in rivers is large. Fertilizers dripping into rivers change the biological ecosystem in rivers. Mountain rivers in some countries are the only ones not yet seriously polluted. Another issue is obtaining drinking water from desalinated sea water. Due to the fact that there is less and less clean water on Earth. Due to the development of industry, increasing water consumption in households, deep water exploitation, increasing pollution of rivers, ponds, lakes and seas as well as the progressing global warming process, clean water resources are falling.

Droughts that are becoming more frequent in many green and agricultural areas are also associated with decreasing rainfall. Rain is necessary in many climate zones for biological life to exist, for biodiverse natural ecosystems. In addition, rain in many climate zones and countries is essential for agricultural development. Rain is also a source of water in many geographical places, which then penetrates deep into the Earth, feeds water, subcutaneous watercourses, underground, deep water streams. In addition, rain supplies water to rivers and lakes, the living environment of many species of aquatic plants and animals, etc. Rain is necessary for the effective functioning of ecosystems, but also for people. In some places on Earth there is less and less rain. This is a threat to the natural environment, to biological ecosystems, and long-lasting droughts appear. It is associated with global climate change, probably global warming, global warming, global average temperature rise.

Climatologists and scientists from other fields of science, conducting research on climate change and its effects, develop long-term forecasts of these changes. These forecasts show that the continuation of the global warming process over the next few decades may lead to the thaw of permafrost at the Arctic Circle and the release of millions of tons of frozen methane. Then the global warming process will accelerate and the Antarctic meltdown will be unstoppable. The areas in which man will be able to live and live due to the melting of all glaciers and due to the drying of many areas currently covered with vegetation or used for agriculture in the tropical and subtropical zones will decrease. It is also possible to increase Earth's seismic activity, increase in volcanic eruptions. The reason may also be an increase in solar activity over a period of several dozen years, because the current solar activity is low.

So, on a faster and faster global warming process, you will certainly not achieve positive results. Climate change caused by the global warming process will contribute to accelerating the extinction of another thousand species of flora and fauna. Man may also be an endangered species at the end of the 21st century if the pace of the global warming process is not slowed down. Humanity should fully subordinate the development of civilization to the gren economy philosophy and achieve full sustainable ecological development as soon as possible. If this greatest civilization challenge for humanity in the 21st century were not met, the average temperature at the Earth's surface would increase by the end of the 21st century by another 3-4 degrees C and the scale of climate disasters and weather anomalies could lead to the inevitable threat of the inability of the human species to survive earth. Then only thermophilic microorganisms such as some bacterial species will win as a result of the increasingly faster global warming process. The intensification of these processes in the second half of the 21st century is probably inevitable. Is human therefore also an endangered species due to the increasingly rapid global warming process? If the average temperature at the Earth's surface by the end of the 21st century increases by another min. 3-4 degrees C is the scale of climate change, weather anomalies and climate disasters will be so large that the human species will be classified as endangered species.

However, humanity should try to slow down the process of global warming, the more that since the acceleration of the process of global warming since the nineteenth century, i.e. since the industrial revolution based on the invention of the steam engine man is responsible. The period of the next dozen or so years, especially the period up to about 2030, is the most important, key for the implementation of necessary pro-ecological reforms, including the transition of all energy from renewable energy sources. In addition, the development of electromobility, improvement of waste segregation and recycling, development of ecological agriculture, afforestation of areas degraded by industry, irrigation of drought areas, etc. are indispensable elements of pro-ecological activities that are important elements in achieving sustainable ecological development, including the transformation of classic economics in green economy.

It is currently difficult to predict the political and economic effects of the global warming process that will appear in a dozen or so decades. One thing is certain, that climate change will generate serious social, economic and political effects. Ice sheets are melting, sea and oceans will rise. Land areas will shrink. As a result of increasing drought and fires, areas suitable for farming can significantly shrink. International population migrations will increase. Access to clean water can also be a problem in many places around the world. So the social, economic and political impact will be serious but difficult to predict at this time. Above all, it is necessary to develop energy based on renewable energy sources so that the rate of adverse climate change can be slowed down.

In my opinion, in the 21st century, the policy of nature protection and biodiversity of natural ecosystems should be improved in connection with the rapidly warming global warming process and the growing pollution of the environment. In connection with the reduction of green areas and forests, rehabilitation and greening of areas degraded by industrial development should be developed. Because the global warming process is accelerating, climate changes unfavorable for nature and biodiversity are deepening, so the issue of protecting natural resources and nature is a global problem. Therefore, the improvement of nature protection policy and biodiversity of natural ecosystems should also take place in the field of international cooperation. In order to protect biodiversity, the implementation of the principles of sustainable pro-ecological development in economic processes should be carried out in the following years to a universal, aggregate, national and international level. The implementation of the principles of sustainable pro-ecological development should be carried out in accordance with the green economy philosophy and pro-ecological reforms should be financed from various sources, primarily from green finance and public finances of the state, and also the implementation of ecological innovations should finance enterprises whose production has a negative impact on the environment.

Sustainable pro-ecological development is a necessity, it is a challenge for humanity to quickly implement it in order to slow down the global warming process. Sustainable pro-ecological development is a necessity for humanity to avoid extermination being a derivative of the increasingly faster global warming process and the forecasted increase in the scale of climate cataclysms that may appear at the end of the 21st century if on the global scale in the next several decades ecological innovations are not realized, widespread renewable energy sources, electromobility will not be developed, increased efficiency of waste segregation, recycling, management of clean water resources, etc. However, objective measurement of ongoing processes aimed at implementing sustainable ecological development is difficult. In my opinion, the methodology for measuring sustainable sustainable economic development should be built on a set of key expected effects of implementing this type of development. In addition to the effects of sustainable sustainable economic development, the methodology of scoring analysis should also take into account all relevant determinants of ecological reforms, including primarily issues of implementing ecological innovations, the scale of development of renewable energy sources, electromobility, increasing the efficiency of waste segregation, recycling and also improving management of clean water resources management, etc.

In view of the above, if humanity realizes this process of pro-ecological reforms in the history of the development of civilization in the next dozen or so years, then the process of global warming will progress more slowly in subsequent years. In this way, when in a few decades the temperature at the Earth's surface will rise slightly due to the increase in solar activity, then humanity will survive these climate changes and will have a period to continue the necessary reforms and civilization changes, it will gain time to take the next necessary pro-ecological activities that will allow humanity to survive XXII century. However, the question still remains relevant: Is human being an endangered species due to the increasingly rapid global warming process?

Sustainable development can be achieved by various methods. Which methods will be chosen is determined by many factors of the environment, the environment of specific economic processes as well as the specifics of economic undertakings and the national economy. However, in the absence of a key development factor, a key raw material, such as water, may be a significant cost barrier to the implementation of the process of achieving sustainable development. Sustainable development in a situation of continuous irrigation of agriculture is not excluded, but will generate high costs. In such a situation, profitable enterprises should be developed in the domestic economy that will finance the costs of the said irrigation. It cannot be ruled out that irrigated poor quality soil will produce high yields with proper fertilization and use, high crop production will be generated and after a period of several or more years it will be possible to create more complex flora ecosystems, including forest next to arable fields and in this the process of achieving sustainable development can be successively improved. Then sustainable development will be analyzed, implemented and improved in terms of the national economy.

In connection with the growing need to implement the principles of sustainable pro-ecological development in recent years, ecological innovations arise mainly in the field of renewable energy sources, improvement of waste segregation techniques, recycling, treatment of polluted water, reclamation of a devastated natural environment, energy-saving construction, electromobility of the automotive industry, etc. more ecological innovations, new technological solutions and technical improvements that are part of sustainable ecological development are also emerging in many other fields of science.

Do you agree with me on the above matter?

I invite you to discussion and scientific cooperation.

Thank you very much.

Best wishes.

Dariusz Prokopowicz

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