Some reported mechanisms by which 5-MTX exerts it antioxidant and neuroprotective effects according to literature are:
Free Radical Scavenging: Similar to melatonin, 5-MTX might directly scavenge free radicals, preventing them from damaging cells.
Enzyme Induction: It could induce the production of antioxidant enzymes that neutralize free radicals within cells.
Membrane Protection: Some studies suggest 5-MTX might interact with cell membranes, influencing their fluidity and potentially reducing free radical-induced damage. However, the details of this interaction are not fully understood.