I would like to know if there has been a comparison of the differences between dogs, wolves, monkeys, or any mammals in the specific brain areas, primarily the pre-frontal cortex.
Dear Rebecca,
I agree with Lucile, check out the papers of Suzana Herculano-Houzel. She is a real expert in this field and has some very interesting ideas and articles.
Very best wishes
Marc
http://www.suzanaherculanohouzel.com/lab
Robert Barton has published several comparative works that looked at specific (usually sensory) brain structures:
1 Barton R, Purvis A, Harvey PH. 1995. Evolutionary radiation of visual and olfactory brain systems in primates, bats and insectivores. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 348:381–392.
2 Barton R. 2006. Olfactory evolution and behavioral ecology in primates. Am J Primatol 68:545–558.
3 Barton R, Harvey PH. 2000. Mosaic evolution of brain structure in mammals. Nature 405:1055–1058.
A lot of very good stuff by A. Iwaniuk and B. Kolb to be read. Especially with reference to play behavior.
You might also take a look at this paper:
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0038447
You might also take profit of following links to Wikipedia and Scholarpedia :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encephalization_quotient
http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Neuroanatomy
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