It is already in use. Harmonic surchrge is one of them, for the customers who inject odd harmonics into power system. 

Dear, Prof. Krishnarayalu Movva,

Thank you for your attention,

How Harmonic surcharge done. Please share any document about it to me.

Best wish

Foad H Gandoman

It varies with company to company, depending on HT consumer, and it used of energy, along with power factor tarrife....

Foad,

There are several good books on the subject that you may consult. You may consider beginning with the one by Watson & Arrillaga, unless you have already consulted it.

There are good IEEE Standards too, that you can take a look at.

Such penalties, as other respondents have mentioned, are already among prevalent practice.

-Sanjay

Dear, all,

Thank you for your response,

Please share any document or further information about the questions.

Best wish

Foad H Gandoman

Hi folks, 

In practice, it will be very difficult to point out who is responsible for the harmonic distortion as it depends on both system supply (impedance) and customer (load current).

The three-phase power systems are the common configuration of AC energy transmission. Balanced fundamental three-phase quantities represent the perfect form. In practice, phasors can have unequal deviations in their magnitudes, phase angles and waveforms. Harmonics and unbalance are considered as major issues in power quality assessment.

Furthermore, power systems are undergoing restructuring. Following the transition of the electricity industry toward a liberalized market, customers and regulators will be more interested in power quality. System operators will have to bear some responsibility for delivering electricity in conformity to the quality level set forth either by the client, in contracts, or by the regulator, in legislation. Such responsibility implies that systematic power quality monitoring and reporting will become more and more a practice. The power quality indices must give a convenient assessment of any type of disturbances in order to guarantee the equity between different operators.

System operators must be penalized in cases of non-compliance to some quality objectives. But they still confronted to two major constraints:

At present, there is no simple generally valid way for the power system to identify the main contributing factors to the poor power quality (particularly harmonic – unbalance duality).

Energy billing rates and the impact of power factor (PF) compensation on the billing rate structure are the main specifications that are taken into account when determining the periodically bill the consumer has to pay. But as of today there are no well known accepted regulations that allow a utility to include the effects of harmonics as a part of the billing strategy.

Moreover, you can find in IEEE library very interesting works related to A. E. Emanuel, Wilsun xu,  Cataliotti, Cosentino, Czarnecki, etc.  They can be very helpful to your investigations.

Dear, Prof. O. Boudebbouz,

Thank you for your explanation.

The operator of the power grid must enforce their connection standards for the benefit of all other customers. If a particular customer does not meet the requirements, then they must either fix their harmonic problem in a reasonable time, or be disconnected from the grid.

The problem is not quite  simple as it seems.

There are independent producers contributing to a good modulation of the power for the system !

There are the distributed ressources which produce the supraharmonics!

There is a time-varying behaviour !

There is the harmonic resonance problem!

There is a need to locate a convenient common coupling point (PCC)!

There is a dual behaviour resulting from broad sens of distortion (harmonic - unbalance)!

There is a non linearity resulting from FACTS devices !

Up to day, there is not a consensus about the well established concepts of power theory in distorted conditions. Only the active power inherent to linear balanced three - phase systems meets the consensus.

Energy billing rates must take into account all aspetcs mentionned above, but!!!!!.

In our opinion, system operators must develop new mitigating strategies of the distortion in correlation with the smart grid features and the development of power quality contracts as well.