It was found in some research that the frequency dependence of soil parameters is accountable for affecting the grounding potential rise of electrodes. For this purpose, many models have been developed to describe this assignment are ; Scott’s model and there of Smith and Longmire, Messier, Visacro and Portela, Portela, and finally Visacro and Alipio, which were more particularly proposed for the representation of the soil electrical parameters.
The double exponential expression is adopted to simulate this current. It happens to be very simple to treat the pulse amplitude, rise time and pulse duration.
What is the expression of the lightning frequency for the double exponential waveform (in time domain)? and how to calculate its approximate value for the grounding systems analysis?