The mass of a planet effects the gravitational field by definition: "Gravitational mass is determined by the strength of the gravitational force ..." (see, e.g., https://www.britannica.com/science/gravitational-mass). When planets form, their final mass is quiet different due to different reasons. Therefore, Mars has a weaker gravitation than Earth, Jupiter has a stronger one. You will find a lot about this when searching for "planet formation".

Dr Wolfgang R Dick thank you for your contribution to the discussion

A planet's size and mass determines its gravitational pull. A planet's mass and size determines how strong its gravitational pull is. Models can help us experiment with the motions of objects in space, which are determined by the gravitational pull between them. On the Moon, the gravitational field strength is lower than on the Earth. Gravitational field strength is related to the mass and radius. It is proportional to the mass of a planet, but inversely proportional to the square radius of a planet. Gravitational field strength determines the weight of an object.The force of gravity on different planets is different, depending on their mass and radius. A gravitational field is where a mass experiences a force. All matter has a gravitational field that attracts other objects. The more mass an object has, the greater its gravitational field will be. For example, the Earth has a greater gravitational field than the Moon because it has a much greater mass than the Moon. The amount of gravitational potential energy an object has depends on its height and mass. The heavier the object and the higher it is above the ground, the more gravitational potential energy it holds. Gravitational potential energy increases as weight and height increases. Mass is the measure of an object's matter. The greater an object's mass, the greater its gravitational force. The earth has a strong attracting force for objects with smaller mass, and the sun has an attracting force on the earth and other planets in our solar system. Heavier things have a greater gravitational force and heavier things have a lower acceleration. It turns out that these two effects exactly cancel to make falling objects have the same acceleration regardless of mass. Because the downward force on an object is equal to its mass multiplied by g, heavier objects have a greater downward force. Heavier objects, however, also have more inertia, which means they resist moving more than lighter objects do, and so heaver objects need more force to get them going at the same rate. There are two things that determine the gravitational force, mass and distance. On the larger planet, you would be farther away from the center of mass of the planet, so the gravitational force would be less at the surface. The gravity on the surface of the smaller planet would be greater. Anything that has mass also has gravity. Objects with more mass have more gravity. Gravity also gets weaker with distance. So, the closer objects are to each other, the stronger their gravitational pull is. That's because the planets weigh different amounts, and therefore the force of gravity is different from planet to planet. For example, if you weigh 100 pounds on Earth, you would weigh only 38 pounds on Mercury. That's because Mercury weighs less than Earth, and therefore its gravity would pull less on your body. The gravity on Jupiter is greater than the gravity on Earth because Jupiter is more massive. Although Jupiter is a great deal larger in size, its surface gravity is just 2.4 times that of the surface gravity of Earth. This is because Jupiter is mostly made up of gases.

Yes, the mass of a planet does affect its gravitational field strength. The more massive a planet is, the stronger its gravitational pull. This is because gravity is a force that attracts two objects with mass. The more mass an object has, the stronger its gravitational pull.

The planets with the strongest gravity in our solar system are Jupiter, Saturn, and Neptune. These planets are all much more massive than Earth, which is why they have stronger gravitational pulls.

The gravitational field strength of a planet is also affected by its radius. The larger the radius of a planet, the weaker its gravitational pull. This is because the gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the two objects. So, if you double the radius of a planet, you will quadruple the distance between the center of the planet and its surface. This will result in a 1/16th decrease in the gravitational pull.

For example, Jupiter has a mass that is 318 times the mass of Earth, but a radius that is 11 times the radius of Earth. This means that the gravitational field strength on Jupiter's surface is 2.53 times stronger than the gravitational field strength on Earth's surface.

Dr Murtadha Shukur thank you for your contribution to the discussion

A planet's size and mass determines its gravitational pull. A planet's mass and size determines how strong its gravitational pull is. Models can help us experiment with the motions of objects in space, which are determined by the gravitational pull between them.Since the gravitational force is directly proportional to the mass of both interacting objects, more massive objects will attract each other with a greater gravitational force. So as the mass of either object increases, the force of gravitational attraction between them also increases. Anything that has mass also has gravity. Objects with more mass have more gravity. Gravity also gets weaker with distance. So, the closer objects are to each other, the stronger their gravitational pull is. Jupiter's massive surface gravity is most likely due to its size as the solar system's largest planet. The three larger planets in the solar system, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, all have massive gravity, but none compares to Jupiter's.The gravity on Jupiter is greater than the gravity on Earth because Jupiter is more massive. Although Jupiter is a great deal larger in size, its surface gravity is just 2.4 times that of the surface gravity of Earth. This is because Jupiter is mostly made up of gases. That's because the planets weigh different amounts, and therefore the force of gravity is different from planet to planet. For example, if you weigh 100 pounds on Earth, you would weigh only 38 pounds on Mercury. That's because Mercury weighs less than Earth, and therefore its gravity would pull less on your body. The force of Earth's gravity is the result of the planets mass and density – 5.97237 × 1024 kg (1.31668×1025 lbs) and 5.514 g/cm3, respectively. This results in Earth having a gravitational strength of 9.8 m/s² close to the surface (also known as 1 g), which naturally decreases the farther away one is from the surface. Objects with more mass have more gravity. Gravity also gets weaker with distance. So, the closer objects are to each other, the stronger their gravitational pull is. Earth's gravity comes from all its mass.